Özet:

Pediatric stone disease is a frequently underestimated entity that can present unique problems in its management. Children can present with stones at any age (premature newborn to teenager). Urolithiasis stems from various renal, urologic, endocrine and metabolic disorders. The physical examination in children with urolithiasis is influenced by several factors like age, pain, infection, and underlying process producing the stone and size, localization and passage of the stone. It should be the first step to investigate metabolic disorders (e. g. Hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria, cystinuria, renal tubular acidosis, xanthinuria, and primary hyperoxaluria) and recurrent urinary tract infection in countries with a particularly high ratio urolithiasis like Turkey. Preventive approach to new stone formation requires a combination of medication, large fluid intake, and some dietary restrictions.

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