Özet:

Since the second half of the 19th century, the Russian Turkestan had begun to make significant changes in its political and ethnic assimilation policies in the Turkestan region. Therefore, the Russian Tsardom increased its military power in the region for its dominance over the people of Kyrgyzstan, the Russian settlers began to settle in the region. Land seizure works in Kyrgyzstan began to implement the decisions of "Settlement of the Kyrgyz" in 1907 and "Making the Yedi Su Region a Colony" in 1908. The basis for these decisions was Article 119 of the “Step Law” titled “Nomads Transfer Their Lands to State Ownership”. However, in any case, the Kyrgyz reported that they were uncomfortable with this situation to the Russian administration. The General Governor of the Turkestan region, A. N. Kuropatkin, took this matter to the Russian Tsar, but he could not get any results. On the other hand, contrary to solving the problems of the Russian Tsarist rulers, among these rulers there were those who wanted the Kyrgyz uprising to take place violently. According to them, the vacant lands of the rebels who would be expelled after the Kyrgyz revolt would be opened to the Russian settlers. In the great revolt that started in 1916, hundreds of thousands of Kyrgyz Turks had martyred, hundreds of thousands were driven from their countries and had to migrate to China. The change of power in Russia temporarily had allowed the Turkish communities in Central Asia to realize their desire to establish an independent state, but the expansionist Russian policy later suppressed the independence formations in these regions and tied all communities to themselves. The subject of the study is to investigate the Urkun Massacre and its aftermath, which has a heavy price for the independence struggle of the Kyrgyz Turks.

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