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Bu çalışmanın konusu günümüze büyük bir etkisi olmuş önemli eğitim düşünürlerinden birisi olan John Dewey’dir. Bu çalışmada John Dewey’in düşünceleri, kendisinin değer verdiği kavramlar üstünden yansıtılmış, eğitim ile ilgili fikirleri düşünceleriyle ilişkilendirilerek verilmiştir. Özellikle de Türkiye’de 1924-1926 yıllarında hazırlanan ilkokul programlarına etkileri mercek altına alınmıştır. Günümüzde süratle değişim gösteren şartlarda uygulanabilecek kaliteli bir eğitim yapısına gereksinim duyulmaktadır. Son dönemde bu kapsamda araştırmalar yürütmüş en değerli araştırmacıların başında John Dewey gelmektedir (Öztürk, 2008). John Dewey’in eğitim hakkındaki düşünceleri günümüzdeki eğitim düşüncelerini önemli ölçüde etkilemiştir. Dewey eğitim felsefesinin temelini tutarlı, sistemli, bireyin ihtiyaçlarına cevap verebilecek ve gerçek yaşam üzerine inşa etmiştir. Eğitimin öğretmen odaklı olan geleneksel eğitim anlayışını değiştirmiş ve merkezine öğrenciyi alan aktif bir eğitimin yeniden inşa edilmesine olanak sağlamıştır. Bu nedenle araştırma “John Dewey’in eğitim felsefesi nedir?” problemi üzerine cevap aramıştır. Dewey, ilerlemeci eğitim anlayışının/felsefesinin büyük oranda tenkitleriyle karşılaşan geleneksel eğitimin, ezberci ve öğretmeni odağa koyan yapısına muhalefet etmiş, buna dayanarak eğitimde tekrar yapılandırmanın elzem olduğunu belirtmiştir. Ayrıca Dewey, sadece geleneksel eğitimi tenkit etmekle yetinmemiş; ilerlemeci eğitim perspektifinin noksanlıklarını da ifade ederek bunları gidermeye uğraşmıştır. Örneğin tecrübe kavramını dahil ederek, eğitim bilimlerine büyük bir katkı sunmuştur (Yıldız, 2014). Bu araştırma ile John Dewey’in eğitim görüşlerini inceleyerek bu görüşlerle oluşturduğu eğitim felsefesinin ve bu felsefe ile günümüz eğitim sistemlerine ışık tutmasının nedenleri ile katkılarını araştırmayı amaçlamaktadır.
The subject of this study is John Dewey, one of the major educational thinkers that has had a great impact on today. In this study, John Dewey’s thoughts were given by associating ideas about education, which were reflected above the concepts he appreciated. In particular, the effects of the primary school programs prepared in Turkey in the years 1924-1926 were understood. Today, a quality training structure is required that can be implemented in rapidly changing conditions. John Dewey is the most valuable researcher in recent period that has conducted research in this scope (Öztürk, 2008). John Dewey’s thoughts on education have greatly influenced today’s educational thoughts. Dewey built the foundation of the educational philosophy on consistent, systematic, capable of responding to individual needs and real life. Education has changed the concept of traditional education that is teachers-focused and has enabled the rebuilding of an active education that takes the student into its center. What is John Dewey’s educational philosophy? He sought a response to the problem. Dewey opposed the structure of traditional education, the memory and the teacher, which encountered a large part of the concepts of advanced education/philosophy, and pointed out that reorganization in education is essential. In addition, Dewey was not only sufficient to emphasize traditional education; he also tried to remove them by expressing the shortcomings of the advanced education perspective. For example, by incorporating the concept of experience, it has made a huge contribution to educational sciences (Star, 2014). This research aims to explore John Dewey’s educational views and to explore the reasons for his educational philosophy and his contribution to the present educational systems.
The subject of this study is John Dewey, one of the important educational thinkers who has had a great impact on our day. In this study, John Dewey's thoughts were reflected over the concepts he valued, and his ideas about education were given by associating them with his thoughts. In particular, its effects on the primary school programs prepared in Turkey in the years 1924-1926 were examined. Today, there is a need for a quality education structure that can be applied in rapidly changing conditions. John Dewey is one of the most valuable researchers who have conducted research in this context recently (Öztürk, 2008). John Dewey's thoughts on education have significantly influenced today's educational thoughts. Dewey has built the basis of his education philosophy on a consistent, systematic, and real life that can meet the needs of the individual. It has changed the traditional understanding of education, which is teacher-oriented, and has allowed the reconstruction of an active education that puts the student at the center. Therefore, the research is "What is John Dewey's philosophy of education?" He sought an answer to his problem. Dewey opposed the rote learning and teacher-focused structure of traditional education, which faced major criticism of the progressive education approach/philosophy, and stated that restructuring in education is essential based on this. In addition, Dewey did not only criticize traditional education; He also expressed the deficiencies of the progressive education perspective and tried to eliminate them. For example, by including the concept of experience, it has made a great contribution to educational sciences (Yıldız, 2014). With this research, it is aimed to examine John Dewey's views on education and to investigate the reasons and contributions of the philosophy of education he created with these views and shedding light on today's education systems with this philosophy.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler; Spor Bilimleri
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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