Özet:

Economic policies in normal circumstances try to solve main problems such as inequality in income distribution and unemployment. For this purpose, many incentives are given, and support is mobilized by government intervention through grant mechanisms. However, wealthy big capitalists may earn more due to their economies of scale, credibility, and lobbying, while financial advisors pay fewer taxes with their magic solution. In addition, while the deposits of the capitalists in the bank are constantly multiplied, the merchants, civil servants, workers, or retirees who take loans from the bank can come to the brink of bankruptcy with large default interests and executions in the slightest disruption or add wealth to the wealth of the capitalists in return for the loans they receive by working for a long time. It can be said that with the development of Behavioral Economics Theory, which looks at such problems from a different perspective that classical economics could not answer, parameters reflecting psychological, sociological, and religious values are remarkable in determining economic preferences and revealing general economic performance. There may be different understandings among academics working in Islamic economics. For this reason, it is important to contribute to the development of Islamic economics with analyzes in the field of economic policy. While the analyses of modern economic theories are based on the assumption that man only tries to increase his material interests in the temporary world life, some argue that the free market is the best allocation mechanism. In contrast, others argue that state intervention and the absolute inevitability of property institutions. While some accepted that the state is necessary but bad and can only intervene in case of market failures, they disagreed on which monetary or financial instruments could or could not be more effective. Others claimed that capitalists holding capital developed new institutional and political tools for the continuity of the order they created in order to exploit the surplus value created by labor. While some argue that a fair system that everyone deserves can exist together with a free market environment by preventing the injustices of the powerful through social state practices, there have been discussions on the point that strong individuals should continue with natural selection and that the protection of the weak is unfair to the strong. While modern economic theories are based on capital accumulation and the key importance of capital, they can differ on the effectiveness of monetary, financial, and social policy instruments used and the state's and institutions' roles in distribution relations. Capital accumulation, regulation regimes, property institutions, production relations, and material factors of production are the basis of all left and liberal economic schools. In our study, the foundations of the Islamic economy regarding the capacity to produce economic policy are examined from an Islamic point of view. From this point of view, the privileged status of the Islamic economy comes into question. For this reason, the main theme of this study is to reveal the importance given to the world life and the blessings in the world in the context of the basic principles of Islam, how the assets should be used and how the resources should be spent for needs, with an economic policy approach. We claim that economic policies in line with Islam yield more consistent, logical, and beneficial results in providing material and spiritual peace and facilitating people's life than current economic policies. In this study, Islamic ethical axioms developed by Said Nursi are used as reference points for conceptual and theoretical analysis. Accordingly, it is thought that economic policies can be formed within the framework of basic principles such as not engaging in interest-bearing transactions within the scope of Islamic economics, fairness in income distribution, prevention of waste, protecting people from hypocrisy and worldly persecution, emphasizing the sharing and benevolent nature, and avoiding harmful activities that do not benefit people and society. The results of this study show that the fundamental problem of Islamic economics is still stuck in the neo-classical and neo-liberal doctrine, which is stuck in the methodology used. It is necessary to rebuild the basic principles of Islamic economics Developing a sincere sense of brotherhood based on compassion and frugality with a firm belief in oneness constitutes the most important principle.

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