Görüntüleme
11
İndirme
2
Son yıllarda dünya genelinde olduğu gibi ülkemizde de eğitim sisteminde bir takım değişimler yaşanmıştır. Gerek salgın hastalıklar, gerekse küresel sorunlar bu değişimi körüklemiştir. Değişimin doğasını kavramak ve küresel değişimlere ayak uydurabilmek adına farklı ülkelerin eğitim sistemlerini inceleyerek karşılaştırmak daha da önem arz etmektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı Türk eğitim sistemi ile Kanada eğitim sistemini derinlemesine incelemek ve eğitim yönetimlerini karşılaştırmaktır.” Bu nedenle bu araştırma, Kanada eğitim sistemini ele alarak, genel özellikleri ve eğitim yönetimi açısından Türk eğitim sistemi ile karşılaştırarak Kanada'daki eğitim yönetimine açıklık getirmeyi amaçlamaktadır. İlk olarak Kanada ve Türkiye hakkında genel bilgileri ve bu ülkelerdeki eğitim sistemlerinin özelliklerini içermektedir. Bunu Kanada ve Türk Eğitim Yönetimi, okul yönetimi anlayışı, eğitim finansmanı ve son olarak da eğitim denetimi izlemektedir. Araştırmada tarama tekniği kullanılmış olup, Tarama tekniği uygun olmakla beraber doküman incelemesi yapılmıştır.
Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Kanada'da her eyaletin kendi eğitim politikasını belirleyen bir eğitim yasası ve eğitim bakanlığı vardır. Her iki ülkede de bakanlık söz konusuyken Türkiye merkeziyetçi Kanada adem-i merkeziyetçi bir yapıda eyalet ve bölgelere ayrılmıştır. Kanada Okul Konseyleri Birliği, Kanada okul konseyleri arasındaki ilişkileri sağlamak için kurulmuştur. Okul konsey boyutu eyaletten eyalete ve hatta eyaletler içinde değişir. Şehirlerde, eğitim konseyleri genellikle ilçe okullarından sorumludur, oysa kırsal alanlarda daha az okul vardır ve çok daha geniş alanları kapsarlar. Türkiye’de Okul Konseyleri Birliği’ne karşılık gelen herhangi bir yapılanma yoktur. Türkiye merkezi bir yönetimle yönetildiği için eğitimin merkezi bir amacı vardır ve yerel özellikler ön plana çıkmamaktadır. Türkiye, ülkenin eğitim hedeflerini ve politikalarını belirleyen bir Millî Eğitim Bakanlığına sahiptir. Türkiye'de Milli Eğitim Bakanı hükümet tarafından atanır. Kanada'da Eğitim Bakanı seçilir. Her iki ülkede de eğitimle ilgili her türlü kanun, tüzük ve yönetmeliklerin gerekli koordinasyonunu yapmak Milli Eğitim Bakanının görevleri arasındadır. Kanada okulları için idari gereklilikler eyaletten eyalete değişir, ancak birçok eyalette yönetici olmak için eğitim yönetimi veya müfredat alanında yüksek lisans derecesi gerekir. Ontario ise yöneticilerin yöneticilik sertifikasına sahip olmasını şart koşmaktadır. Türkiye’de ise okullar müdürler tarafından yönetilmekte; okul yöneticileri sınav ve sınav sonrası yapılan mülakat sınavı ile seçilmektedir. Okul yönetiminde müdürlerin dışında müdür yardımcıları bulunmaktadır. Müdür yardımcıları da diğer yöneticiler gibi yazılı ve mülakat sınavlarıyla seçilmektedir. Türkiye’de eğitim finansmanı devlet okullarında devlet ve okul aile birlikleri tarafından finanse edilmektedir. Özel okullarda ise kurum veya vakıf kurucusu tarafından karşılanır. Türkiye'de eğitim denetimleri okul müdürleri ve Maarif Müfettişleri tarafından yapılmaktadır. Maarif müfettişleri tüm öğretmen ve kurumları denetlemekle görevlidir. Okul müdürleri de yılda iki defa ders denetimi yapmakla yükümlüdürler.Kanada’da müfettişlerin vazifeleri; okulların çalışmalarını değerlendirmek, çalışmalarını gözlemleyerek öğretimi geliştirmek, öğretim metotları konusuna tavsiyelerde bulunmak ve göreve yeni başlayan öğretmenlere rehberlik etmektir
In recent years, as in the world, there have been a number of changes in our education system. Necessary epidemic diseases, if necessary global problems have caused this change. In order to understand the nature of change and be able to adjust to global changes, it is even more important to compare by studying the educational systems of different countries. The aim of this research is to thoroughly explore the Turkish educational system and the Canadian educational system and compare the educational management.” Therefore, this research aims to bring clarity to education management in Canada by addressing the Canadian education system, comparing its general characteristics and education management with the Turkish education system in terms of education management. First, it includes general information about Canada and Turkey and the characteristics of the educational systems in these countries. This is followed by the Canadian and Turkish Education Administration, the understanding of school management, education financing and, finally, education supervision. In the research, the scanning technique was used and the scanning technique was performed with the document examination.
According to the research results, in Canada, each state has a law of education and a ministry of education that defines its own education policy. In both countries, the ministry is concerned, while Turkey is centralized in Canada and is divided into states and regions in a centralized structure. The Association of Canadian School Councils was established to ensure relations between Canadian School Councils. The size of the school council varies from state to state and even within states. In cities, educational councils are usually responsible for district schools, while in rural areas there are fewer schools and they cover much broader areas. There is no association of school councils in Turkey. Since Turkey is managed by a central administration, education has a central purpose and local characteristics are not on the forefront. Turkey has a National Education Ministry that sets the country’s educational objectives and policies. In Turkey, the Minister of Education is appointed by the Government. The Minister of Education is elected in Canada. To make the necessary coordination of all types of laws, regulations and regulations relating to education in both countries is one of the tasks of the Ministry of National Education. Administrative requirements for Canadian schools vary from state to state, but many states require a master's degree in education management or the programming field to be managers. Ontario requires managers to have a management certificate. In Turkey, schools are managed by the directors; school managers are chosen by the interview exam and after the exam. In the school, except the directors, there are assistant directors. The assistant manager is also selected by written and interview exams, like other managers. Education in Turkey is funded by state and school family unions in public schools. In private schools, it is welcomed by the institution or foundation founder. Education inspections in Turkey are carried out by school directors and Maarif Inspectors. The Maarif inspectors are responsible for monitoring all teachers and institutions. School managers are also obliged to conduct class inspections twice a year.In Canada, inspectors’ duties are to evaluate the work of schools, improve teaching by observing their work, advise on teaching methods and guide newly started teachers.
Education affects the integrity and development of society, so every country has an education system suitable for its own culture, ideology and structure. However, countries should examine the education systems of other countries or sub-parts of the education system in order to make their education systems more effective and efficient. While a country evaluates its own problems and all the factors affecting education, it has to investigate the systems in other countries. In this way, they can make improvements in their education system. There have been rapid changes and innovations in educational administration in our country recently. For this reason, in this study, it is aimed to make a comparison with the Turkish Education System in terms of general characteristics and education management by examining the Canadian Education System, which is thought to shed light on the education administration of our country. In the study, first of all, general information about Canada and Turkey and the features of the education system of the countries are included. Then, the education ministry of Canada and Turkey's Education Administration, the understanding of school management, education financing and finally the inspection of education are included. Survey method was used in the research and documents related to Turkish Education System and Administration and Canadian Education System and Administration were analyzed.
The research results are as follows; In Canada, the provinces have an education law that determines their own education policy, and has its own education department and education ministry. The Council of Education Ministers (CMEC) was established in 1967 as an interstate supreme body by the education ministers of all provinces and territories in Canada to determine national priorities and to reveal international social and economic trends. The Canadian Association of School Boards was established to ensure the relationship between school boards in Canada. The size of school boards varies from state to state and within a state. Generally, in cities, the school board is responsible for the schools of a district, while in rural areas it covers very large areas, because the number of schools is less. Since Turkey is governed by a central administration, education has central aims and local characteristics do not come to the fore. In Turkey, there is the Ministry of National Education, which determines the aims of education and the education policy of the country. In Turkey, the minister of education is appointed by the government; In Canada, the Minister of Education is elected. It is among the responsibilities of the Minister of Education to make the necessary arrangements for all kinds of laws, statutes and regulations related to education for both countries. While the requirements for administrative duties in Canadian schools vary from province to province, many provinces require a master's degree in educational administration or curricula to become a principal. In the province of Ontario, principal certification is mandatory for school principals and vice principals. Schools in Turkey are managed by principals; school principals are selected through an oral exam. The term of office of education administrators is 4 years. Education financing in Turkey is covered by the state and parent-teacher associations in public schools; In private schools, it is covered by the founders of institutions or foundations. In Turkey, education inspection is carried out by education inspectors. Education inspectors do not supervise teachers. In Canada, education supervisors are officers of provincial education departments and their duties are; to evaluate the work of schools, to monitor the work of the school board and to evaluate teachers, to improve teaching, to advise on teaching methods and to guide new teachers
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
Makale Detay 
Benzer Makaleler
PDF Görüntüle
Dergi Bilgisi
Eseri Dinleyin
Alıntı Yap
Bu Sayfayı Yazdırın
Paylaş
Mendeley
