Özet:

Early childhood is one of the most important stages in the human life. According to Yapıcı, during this period, the foundations of the child's cognitive, linguistic, social, emotional and academic development are laid. At the same time, environmental factors play a major role in children's language development. Language, which is a tool that enables the interaction of the individual with the outside world, develops depending on other development areas (Yapıcı, 2009; as cited in. Arıcı, 2016). Early childhood is a period when individuals' language development begins and develops to a great extent. The factors affecting the language development of the individual until this period are also of great importance for the future life (Kol, 2011). This review study was conducted in order to examine this period and indicate the developments in the literature. Therefore, in this review study, the studies written in our country between 2009-2020 on language development in early childhood were brought together with a systematic review study. Within the scope of the literature review, it was revealed that the language development of individuals in early childhood occurred in a very complex way and with the effect of multiple factors. The effect of the genetic inheritance of internal factors was observed to be closely related to language skills in the family and interactions in the womb before birth. On the other hand, it has been revealed that external factors that affect the language development of the child are related to the audio input presented to the individual, the use of language in the family environment, the education levels of the parents, and parenting skills.

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