Özet:

The implementation of effective learning materials has become a fundamental need in the process of teaching biology at school. Brain-based learning (BBL) materials in 21st-century learning need to be supplemented with analytical and evaluation skills or the so-called higher-order thinking skills (HOTS). Thus, this study aims to examine the effectiveness of the implementation of brain-based learning materials on the excretory system toward students higher-order thinking skills. This study was a research and development which applied the 4-D model Thiagarajan by using a test to measure the effectiveness of the materials developed after being used in three meetings from four classes in different schools with a total of students 125 people. The result of this study revealed that students from four schools had good higher-order thinking skills with average scores respectively 81.8 (Class A), 80.7 (Class B), 80.4 (Class C), and 81 (Class D).

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