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Anayasa hem ormancılık politikası amaç ve araçlarının çatısını belirlemesi hem de bu araçlardan biri olması bakımından büyük önem taşımaktadır. Ülkemizde ormancılıkla ilgili kapsamlı bir içerik 1961 yılında yürürlüğe giren anayasada yer almıştır. Belirtilen anayasada; ormanların korunması, geliştirilmesi ve gözetiminin devletin görevi olduğu, devlet orman işletmeciliğinin esas olduğu hükümleri ile birlikte ormanların korunmasına yönelik bazı esaslara yer verilmiştir. Ancak bu yaklaşım uzun süre devam ettirilmemiş ve Anayasa’nın 131. maddesi 1970 yılında çıkarılan 1255 sayılı yasa ile değiştirilmiştir. Söz konusu değişiklik ile ülkede ormanların tahrip olmasına ve azalmasına neden olacak yaklaşımlar ve uygulamalar anayasa hükmü haline gelmiştir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, belirtilen yasanın hazırlanması ve yürürlüğe girmesi süreci ile ortaya çıkardığı sonuçları irdelemektir. Çalışmada literatür araştırması ve arşiv taraması ile elde edilen veriler doküman analizi yönteminden yararlanılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Elde edilen bulgular göstermektedir ki, belirtilen anayasa değişikliği toplumsal bir mutabakattan çok siyasi bir tercihin sonucudur. Bilim ve meslek camiası değişikliği kesinlikle onaylamamış, anayasa değişikliğinin TBMM’deki görüşmeleri aceleyle yapılmış, değişiklik yeterli şekilde tartışılmamıştır. Bu değişiklik, gerçekleşme süreci ve sonuçları açısından ulusal ormancılık politikasının dönüm noktalarından biri olmuştur.
The Constitution is of great importance in terms of both the forest policy objectives and the roof of its tools and being one of these tools. In our country, a comprehensive contents related to forestry are included in the Constitution which came into force in 1961. In the established constitution; the protection, development and supervision of forests is the duty of the state, and the provisions of the state forest management are based on the protection of forests, together with some principles for the protection of forests. However, this approach has not continued for a long time, and Article 131 of the Constitution was amended by Law No. 1255 issued in 1970. Those changes and practices that will result in the destruction and reduction of forests in the country have become constitutional. The purpose of this study is to identify the results of the process of preparation and entry into force of the specified law. The data obtained by literary research and archive scan in the study was evaluated using the method of document analysis. The findings show that the stated constitutional change is the result of a more political preference than a social agreement. The scientific and professional community has absolutely not approved the change, negotiations on the constitutional change in the TBMM have been urgently conducted, the change has not been sufficiently discussed. This change has become one of the turning points of the national forestry policy in terms of the process and results of its realization.
National constitution is of great importance in terms of both determining the framework of forestry policy objectives and tools and also being one of these tools. Comprehensive content on forestry was included in the Turkish constitution that entered into force in 1961. Conserving, improving and controlling of the forests was determined as duties of the state, state forest management is determined as the main principle and some principles regarding forest conservation was determined in this constitution. However, this approach was not maintained for a long time and the 131st article of the constitution was replaced by the law numbered 1255 of 1970. The approaches and implementations that cause destruction of forests and deforestation became as a constitutional provision. The aim of the research was to examine the preparation and enactment processes of the law and its results. The data were collected from literature and archive-based researches and analyzed by document analysis. The findings showed that the amendment of the constitution was a result of political choice rather than a social consensus. The scientific and job-related bodies have definitely not approved the change, the negotiations of the constitutional amendment in the Turkish Grand National Assembly were made hastily and it was not adequately discussed. This amendment has been one of the turning points of national forest policy in terms of realization process and results.
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