Özet:

Since the sixties, many methods have been developed in text analysis area; theoretical approaches and applications realized on the diverse texts have demonstrated that it is possible to look at the texts from different perspectives. Textlinguistics, which began with beyond sentence studies and is one of these theoretical approaches, developed its own research methods. Textlinguistics has textual standards such as cohesion, coherence, intentionality, situationalty, acceptability, informativity, intertextuality. Cohesion and coherence from these standards are most commonly referred standards to demonstrate main structure. While cohesion is related to microstructure of the text that is linguistic relations between sequential utterances, coherence is related to macrostructure of the text that is logical relations providing perception of the utterances of the text in a semantic unity. surface structures. That is why listening a short story text corresponds decoding the code of the text encoded by its author. The person performing read activity when making sense of the text in parallel to his/her own world knowledge he/she will use the methods to make sense of the text that text analysis theories have presented. In this way, the reader can decode the semantic and aesthetic code of the text that its author created for his/her own purposes and can communicate directly its author. The stories are text types that have their own aesthetic and technical structure and that can be used in language teaching. In Turkish teaching, the confrontation of the students with well-fictionalized original texts reflecting our cultural structure in which the aesthetic use samples of our language are exposed and their understanding and interpreting them are very important. Texlinguistics provides some tips for detecting and interpreting of these texts within the text weave. The students who can detect the text get pleasure from reading texts, the sense of wonder that occur in students for plot increases their read requests. In addition, shortness of the texts is an increasing feature of the participation of the students in reading activities. Because they are literary they have own linguistic structure and stylistic features. For example, as they are texts in which symbolic connotations of the words and rhetoric are used in addition to denotations of the words, the students will face different language use examples and their vocabulary will increase. In parallel, the students will express themselves verbally or in writing. In this context, in this study, Refik Halit Karay’s short story titled Garip Bir Hediye has been analysed as a sample of textlinguistic analysis. Refik Halit Karay was famous for his storybook titled Memleket Hikayeleri containing traces of life in exile in Anatolia and pioneered the opening of the Turkish literature to Anatolia. While analysing story, moving from HallidayHassan (1976) and Beaugrande-Dressler (1981), firstly, an exemplary template has been formed for the basic elements of the text and within this template the text has been tried to read and interpret. While analysing text, moving from cohesive elements of the surface structure of the text such as reiteration, collocation, reference, replacement and ellipsis, the layers of meaning in the deep structure of the text have been reached. At the same time, this study has been presented as a sample of holistic reading. This article consists of three sections. In the first section, the story has been evaluated according to microstructural elements of the text. In the second section, the story has been evaluated for the macro structural standards and in the third; text has been tried to read holistically for the layers of meaning in the deep structure of the text

Anahtar Kelimeler: