Özet:

Thoughts on management and political differences are often based on Woodrow Wilson’s “Review of Governance” work. But there are works that reveal that the discussions on this issue began before Wilson. In the beginning of this, it comes to the work of Johann Caspar Bluntschli, the Theory of the State (The Theory of the State). According to Bluntschli, the concept of governance, which is at the heart of governance and political differences, is regarded as an element of the executive power created on the basis of the principle of the division of forces. The power of execution is the decision making, making orders and making decisions. The matters relating to decision-making, ordering, solution-making and prohibition, which are considered as a government function, are assessed within the framework of the “primary function” of execution, while the performance of decisions and orders corresponds to the tasks within the framework of the “secondary functions” performed by the units in the lower stages. The objective of this study is to evaluate the change in the organizational structures of ministries after the presidential government system has been translated in terms of political distinction. The change in the organizational structures of the Ministry of Health and the Ministry of National Education in the framework of the study was examined through the Presidential decrees and other legislation. In the new government system, the Presidential Decree and the central administration's capital structure have been changed; policy councils and offices have been established to determine the basic policies of implementation within the Presidential organization structure; ministries have been converted into units in the secondary position of the function of governance, implementing the defined policies and adopted decisions; ministries have been changed the capital organization structures and all units have been ranked under the title "service units"; issues related to policy determination have been removed from the ministries' responsibilities; ministries have been established and some institutions and units have been removed in policy determination. As a result, with the transition to the new government system, the units that implement the decisions taken with the units that perform policy determination and decision-making functions have undergone a functional division. Thus, in a certain extent, a governance structure is established in accordance with the political distinction.