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Bu çalışma Amerika Yabancı Misyon Temsilcileri Birliğinin (kısaca ABCFM veya Amerikan Board olarak bilinmektedir.) Yakındoğu Misyonu’nun Osmanlı Devleti’ndeki çalışma bölgelerinden biri olan Batı Türkiye Misyonu, İzmit (Nicomedia) İstasyonuna gönderilen Amerikalı misyoner Laura Farnham (1844-1919) ve onun bölgedeki Ermeniler üzerindeki faaliyetleri hakkındadır. Laura Farnham, Bahçecik (Bithinya) Yatılı Kız Okulu (1873-1885) ve Adapazarı Ermeni Kız Okulunda (Adabazari Hayuhgatz Varjharan) (1885-1921) yaklaşık otuz sekiz yıl görev yapmış bir kadın misyonerdir. Laura Farnham’ın kurucusu olduğu iki okul günümüzde Sağlık ve Eğitim Vakfinın (SEV) bünyesi altında eğitim vermeye devam eden Üsküdar Amerikan Lisesinin temelini oluşturmaktadır. Çalışmada Laura Farnham’ın bölgedeki ve bu okullardaki faaliyetleri Amerikan Board’un 1810-1939 yılları arasında yayımlamış olduğu aylık The Missionary Herald dergisi, Amerikan Kadın Misyonları Birliğinin yayın organı olan Light and Life for Woman serileri ve diğer arşiv belgeleri üzerinden incelenmektedir. Çalışmada, on dokuzuncu yüzyılın son çeyreğinde Amerikan Board’un Osmanlı Devleti’nin Ermeni toplulukları arasındaki misyonerlik faaliyetlerinin, Ermeni kadınların eğitimine katkı sağladığı görülmüştür. Amerikan Board’un Osmanlı’daki misyonerlik çalışmaları Ermenilerin bağımsızlık düşüncelerini ortaya çıkaran ve Osmanlı Devleti’ne karşı tavırlarını değiştiren önemli unsurlardan birisidir. Amerikan Board’un misyoner okullarına devam eden Ermeni öğrencilerde millî bilinç ve bağımsızlık duyguları uyandırılmaya çalışılmıştır. Laura Farnham’ın Bahçecik ve Adapazarı’ndaki okulları da Ermeni topluluğu içerisindeki entelektüelleri yetiştirmiş ve okullardaki eğitim kısa süre içerisinde kendisini göstermiştir.
This study is based on the Association of American Foreign Mission Representatives (abbrevially known as ABCFM or American Board). The West Turkish Mission, one of the work areas of the East Mission in the Ottoman State, is about the American missionary Laura Farnham (1844-1919) sent to the Izmit (Nicomedia) Station and its activities on the Armenians in the region. Laura Farnham was a female missionary who served for about thirty-eight years in the Garden (Bithinya) Yatılı Girl School (1873-1885) and Adapazari Armenian Girl School (Adabazari Hayuhgatz Varjharan) (1885-1921) The two schools founded by Laura Farnham are now the foundation of the Usküdar American High School, which continues to provide education under the Health and Education Foundation (SEV). In the study, Laura Farnham's activities in the region and in these schools were published by the American Board between 1810-1939 years. The Missionary Herald The magazine is the American Women's Mission Association's publishing body. Light and Life for Woman It is reviewed through series and other archive documents. The study found that in the last quarter of the nineteenth century the missionary activities of the American Board among the Armenian communities of the Ottoman State contributed to the education of Armenian women. The missionary work of the American Board in the Ottoman is one of the important elements that revealed the ideas of independence of the Armenians and changed their attitudes towards the Ottoman State. The Armenian students who are on the missionary schools of the American Board have been trying to awaken the feelings of national awareness and independence. Laura Farnham’s schools in the Garden and Adapazari also educated the intellectuals within the Armenian community, and education in the schools showed herself in a short time.
This study is about Laura Farnham (1844-1919), one of the American Board of Commissioners for Foreign Missions (briefly known as ABCFM or the American Board) missionaries sent to the Nicomedia station of Western Turkey Mission, and her activities on Armenians in the region. Laura Farnham is a woman missionary who served for nearly thirty-eight years in the Ottoman State in the Armenian Girls’ High School in Bardezag (1873-1885) and the Armenian Girls’ High School in Adabazar (Adabazari Hayuhgatz Varjharan) (1885-1921). These two schools, established by Laura Farnham, form the basis of the Üsküdar American Academy, which is under the Health and Education Foundation (SEV). In this study, Laura Farnham’s activities on Armenians in the region and these schools are examined through The Missionary Herald journal published monthly by the American Board between 1810 and 1939, the Light and Life for Woman series of the Woman’s Board of Missions, and other archival documents. In this scope, it is seen that the American Board’s missionary activities among the Ottoman State helped to increase Armenian female education in the last quarter of the nineteenth century. The American Board’s missionary work in the Ottoman Empire was one of the critical elements that revealed the Armenians’ views of independence and changed their attitude towards the Ottoman State. In American Board’s missionary schools, national consciousness and independence feelings were awakened in Armenian students. Also, Laura Farnham’s girls’ schools, both in Bardezag and Adabazar, have educated intellectuals within the Armenian community, and education in schools has shown itself in a short time.
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