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İnsanoğlunun yerleşik hayata geçmesiyle ortaya çıkan kentler, zaman içerisinde içinde bulunan özgün tarihi yapılar ile tarihsel bir kimlik kazanırlar ve tarihi kent olarak ifade edilirler. Kentlerin, çeşitli sebeplerle zaman içinde değişen, bozulan dokularının dönüşüme uğraması, kentin tarihi kimliğini de etkilemekte ve tarihi dokunun varlığını sürdürebilmesi için çeşitli önlemler alınması gerekmektedir. Korumaya, iyileştirmeye, yenilemeye veya canlandırmaya dayalı kentsel dönüşüm yöntemleri ile özgün tarihi dokuların ve yapıların korunması ve varlığını sürdürebilmesi amacıyla zaman zaman çeşitli yasal düzenlemeler yapılabilmektedir.
Türkiye’de özellikle 1950'lerden sonra yaşanan hızlı nüfus artışının getirdiği düzensiz yapılaşma ile kentlerimizin büyük bir bölümü plansız şekilde gelişirken, tarihi kent dokuları da bu durumdan etkilenmiştir. Bu kapsamda uygulanan kentsel dönüşüm yöntemleri zaman zaman tarihi dokunun varlığına olumlu bir katkı sunarken, zaman zaman da dokuya zarar veren yanlış yöntemlerin uygulandığı görülebilmektedir.
Çalışmanın ana konusu olarak Konya tarihi kent merkezi seçilmiş ve kentin tarihi dokusunu doğrudan ya da dolaylı olarak etkileyen kentsel dönüşüm uygulamalarından örnekler dönüşüm öncesi ve sonrası durumlarıyla incelenmiştir. Bu bağlamda Konya özel olarak incelenmeden önce kentsel dönüşüm kavramı ve yasal dayanaklarından söz edilmiş, dünyadan ve Türkiye’den Berlin, Paris, Beyrut, Diyarbakır ve Ankara gibi benzer tarihi kent dokusuna sahip şehirlerin gelişimleri ve bu şehirlerde uygulanan kentsel dönüşüm uygulamaları ele alınmıştır
Çalışma kapsamında Konya Büyükşehir Belediyesi ve Çevre, Şehircilik ve İklim Değişikliği Bakanlığı yetkilileri ile görüşmeler gerçekleştirilmiş ve bu kurumlardan elde edilen raporlar ve görsel materyaller doğrultusunda çalışma desteklenmiştir.
Çalışmada, benzer örnekler ve yasal dayanaklar ışığında Konya’daki değişim ve dönüşüm irdelenmiş ve bahsi geçen tarihi kentlerdeki dönüşümler bir tablo ile özetlenmiştir.
The cities emerging by the transition of mankind into the settled life gain historical identity with the original historical structures found in time and are expressed as historical cities. The transformation of the cities, the distorted tissues, which change over time for various reasons, also affects the city’s historical identity and various measures must be taken in order to maintain the existence of the historical tissue. The methods of urban transformation based on conservation, improvement, renewal or revitalization and the conservation and preservation of original historical texts and structures can be made from time to time.
In Turkey, especially after the 1950s, with the irregular structure brought by the rapid population rise, a large part of our cities develop unplannedly, the historic city tissues have also been affected by this situation. The urban transformation methods applied in this scope can be seen as a positive contribution to the presence of historical tissue from time to time, while erroneous methods that damage the tissue are applied from time to time.
As the main subject of the study, the historic city center of Konya has been selected and examples of urban transformation practices that directly or indirectly affect the historic texture of the city have been studied with pre- and post-transformation situations. In this context, the concept of urban transformation and its legal foundations were discussed before Konya was specifically studied, the development of cities with a similar historical urban texture as Berlin, Paris, Beirut, Diyarbakır and Ankara from the world and from Turkey and the urban transformation practices applied in these cities.
In the framework of the work, the Konya Metropolitan Municipality and the Ministry of Environment, Urbanism and Climate Change officials have been discussed and supported the work according to the reports and visual materials obtained from these institutions.
In the study, in the light of similar examples and legal foundations, the change and transformation in Konya was drawn up and the transformations in the mentioned historic cities were summarized with a table.
Cities that emerged with the settled life of human beings gain a historical identity with the original historical structures found in time and are expressed as historical cities.The transformation of urban textures, which change and deteriorate over time for various reasons, also affects the historical identity of the city and various precautions must be taken in order to survive this historical identity. With the urban transformation methods based on preservation, improvement, renewal or revitalization, it is aimed to preserve and maintain the original historical textures, structures and various legal arrangements have been made from time to time in this context.
While a large part of our cities developed unplanned with the irregular construction brought about by the rapid population growth in Turkey, especially after the 1950s, the historical city textures were also affected by this situation. While the urban transformation methods in this context contribute positively to the existence of the historical texture from time to time, it has been seen that inappropriate methods that damage the texture are implemented from time to time.
The historical city center of Konya was selected as the main subject of the study and the examples of urban transformation practices that directly or indirectly affect the historical texture of the city are examined through their pre-and post-transformation situations. In this context, before Konya is specially examined, the concept of urban transformation and its legal bases are mentioned. Then, the development of cities with similar historical urban textures, and the urban transformation practices were discussed, such as Berlin, Paris, Beirut, Diyarbakir, Ankara from the world, and Turkey.
Within the scope of the study meetings were held with the officials of Konya Metropolitan Municipality and the Ministry of Environment, Urbanization and Climate Change, and the study was supported in line with the reports and visual materials obtained from these institutions.
In the study, the change and transformation in Konya was examined in the light of similar examples and legal bases and the transformations in the historical cities mentioned were summarized with a table.
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