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Erken dönem İslâm âlimlerinden Maʿmer b. Râşid çok yönlü bir âlimdir. Başta siyer ve hadis alanları olmak üzere İslâmî ilimlerin pek çok dalıyla meşgul olmuştur. Basra’da doğup büyüyen Maʿmer, ilim tahsili için Hicaz ve Yemen bölgelerindeki önemli ilmî merkezlere yolculuklar gerçekleştirmiştir. Burada bulunan önemli hocalardan dersler almıştır. Maʿmer’i ilmî anlamda ayrıcalıklı kılan önemli hususlardan biri, hocalarını mezhebi ve siyasî görüşlerine göre tasnif etmemesidir. Bu nedenle Şiî ve Muʿtezilî hocalardan da istifade ettiği bilinmektedir. Maʿmer’in hocaları arasında İbn Şihâb ez-Zührî’nin özel bir yeri vardır. İlk defa Medine’de tanıştığı hocasından asıl istifadesi Zührî’nin Emevî sarayı ile irtibatlı olduğu dönemde gerçekleşmiştir. Hocasının ölümünden sonra yaşamının son dönemini geçireceği Yemen’e taşınan Maʿmer, ilmî faaliyetlerini burada sürdürmüştür. Maʿmer’in siyer alanında önemli eseri el-Megâzi’dir. Çağdaşı İbn İshak ile mukayese edildiğinde eserin bazı eksikleri dikkat çekmektedir. Özellikle kronoloji konusunda bir düzenin olmaması eserdeki bu eksikliklerden birisidir. Bununla birlikte megâzi türünün en eski örneklerinden ve o döneme ilişkin bilgileri veren ilk elden kaynak olması bakımından değerlidir. Yine Yemen’de ilk defa eser tasnif edip hadislerin naklinde önemli bir yere sahip olan Maʿmer’in hadis alanındaki çalışması el-Câmîʿ, günümüze ulaşan en eski hadis kaynaklarından birisidir. Aynı zamanda bu eser, câmîʿ türüne ait çalışmaların da ilk örneğini teşkil etmektedir. Maʿmer’in yazılı eserlerinin günümüze ulaşmasında talebesi Abdürrezzâk es-Sanʿânî’nin önemli katkısı olmuştur. Maʿmar b. Rāshid, one of the earliest Muslim scholarly authorities, was a versatile scholar. He studied several branches of Islamic sciences, primarily ḥadīth and sīra (the life of Prophet Muḥammad). Maʿmar was born in Basra and to expand his knowledge he travelled to several important scholarly centers in Yemen and Ḥijāz. What makes Maʿmar distinguished is that he did not choose his teachers or shaykhs on the basis of their religious sects or political preferences. He benefited from the shaykhs that were said to be Shīʿites or Muʿtazīlites. Among Maʿmar’s shaykhs, Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī (d. 124/742) holds a special place. Maʿmar met him in Medina for the first time and then became his student when al-Zuhrī became affiliated with the Umayyad Court. After al-Zuhrī’s death, Maʿmar moved to and settled in Yemen where he would spend the last period of his life. He resumed his studies in Yemen until his death. Maʿmar’s most significant work is al-Maghāzī. Compared to his contemporary Ibn Isḥāq, certain shortcomings appear in Maʿmar’s work. First of all, al-Maghāzī lacks a chronological order. However, it is very valuable scholarly reference, as it is one of the oldest examples of the maghāzī genre and a primary source that gives information about that period. Al-Jāmiʿ (The Compendium) written by Maʿmar is one of the oldest ḥadīth sources that have survived to the present day. Maʿmar is one of the earliest scholars who classified works in Yemen and holds an important function in the transmission of ḥadīths. At the same time, his Jāmi‘ is regarded as the earliest example of the works of the jāmiʿ literature in ḥadīth studies. ʿAbd al-Razzāq al-Ṣanʿānī (d. 211/826), one of his student, made important contributions to bringing Maʿmar’s written works to the present day.
In the early stages of the Islamic State, the Islamic State is a great part of the Islamic State. He has been engaged with many branches of Islamic sciences, including the Seyer and Hadith fields. Maʿmer, who was born and grown in Basra, has made trips to important scientific centers in the Hicaz and Yemen regions for the distribution of science. He has learned from the important teachers here. One of the important aspects that makes Ma’mer scientifically privileged is that he does not distinguish his teachers according to his religious and political opinions. It is also known that he is the one who is the one who is the one who is the one who is the one who is. There is a special place among the teachers of Ibn Şihâb ez-Zührî. The first time he met in Medina was the time when Zührî was in contact with the Emevî palace. Ma’mer, who moved to Yemen, where he will spend his last period of life after his teacher’s death, continued his scientific activities here. The main work of Ma’mer in the Siyer area is El-Megâzi. And when I was told to be an idol, I was told to be an idol. This is one of the shortcomings in the work, especially in terms of chronology. However, it is valuable in terms of being one of the oldest examples of the megazi species and the first-hand source of information about that period. Again in Yemen for the first time, the work of Ma’mer in the hadith field, which has a significant place in the translation of the hadiths, is one of the oldest hadith sources that have reached today. This is also the first example of the work of the Camî’s type. In the words of the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him), the Holy Prophet (peace and blessings of Allah be upon him) said: Maʿmar b. Rāshid, one of the earliest Muslim scholarly authorities, was a versatile scholar. He studied several branches of Islamic sciences, primarily ḥadīth and sīra (the life of the Prophet Muhammad). Maʿmar was born in Basra and to expand his knowledge he travelled to several important scholarly centers in Yemen and Ḥijāz. What makes Maʿmar distinguished is that he did not choose his teachers or shaykhs on the basis of their religious sects or political preferences. He benefited from the shaykhs that were said to be Shīʿites or Muʿtazīlites. Among Maʿmar's shaykhs, Ibn Shihāb al-Zuhrī (d. 124/742) holds a special place. Maʿmar met him in Medina for the first time and then became his student when al-Zuhrī became affiliated with the Umayyad Court. After al-Zuhri's death, Maʿmar moved to and settled in Yemen where he would spend the last period of his life. He resumed his studies in Yemen until his death. Ma'mar's most significant work is al-Maghāzī. Compared to his contemporary Ibn Isḥāq, certain shortcomings appear in Maʿmar's work. First of all, Al-Maghāzī lacks a chronological order. However, it is very valuable scholarly reference, as it is one of the oldest examples of the maghāzī genre and a primary source that gives information about that period. Al-Jāmiʿ (The Compendium) written by Maʿmar is one of the oldest ḥadīth sources that have survived until today. Maʿmar is one of the earliest scholars who classified works in Yemen and holds an important function in the transmission of ḥadīths. At the same time, his Jāmi’ is regarded as the earliest example of the works of the Jāmiʿ literature in ḥadīth studies. Abd al-Razzāq al-Shanānī (d. 211/826), one of his students, made important contributions to bringing Maʿmar's written works to the present day.
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Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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