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Türk kültür ve sanatının izlerini, benzerliklerini farklı kıtalarda araştırmak amacı ile farklı tarihlerde alan ve literatür araştırmaları yapılmıştır. Kızılderili kültürünün yer aldığı Amerikan Ulusal Yerli Müzesinde (“NationalMuseum of theAmericanIndian”) incelenen birçok objede desen, motif, sembol, simgeler, kıyafetler, aksesuarlar ve takılarda turkuaz renginin kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Sınır komşusu olmayan başka bir kıtada, literatürde Türk rengi olarak bilinen bu rengin, Türk kültür ve sanatıyla bağlantısı olup olmadığının tespiti için bu araştırma yapılmıştır.Konuyla ilintili olarak 2015 yılında Amerika kıtasında yer alan Kuzey Amerika’da Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Chinle, Gallup, Hubel, Santa Fe, Shiprock, Ganado ve Albuquerque bölgelerine gidilerek, Kızılderili kültür ve sanatının incelendiği saha araştırması yapılmıştır.Turkuaz renk Türk sanatında ve Kızılderili kültüründe farklı yerlerde, farklı şekillerde kullanılmış olsa da yükledikleri manada bir paralellik olduğu kanısına varılmıştır. İki toplum da turkuaz rengini kültürlerinin bir parçası yapmıştır. Turkuaz rengine mitolojik anlamlar yükleyerek kutsallaştırmışlardır.Amerika yerlileri için de turkuaz, birçok anlam yüklenen önemli renklerden biridir. Turkuaz renginin, Kızılderililer arasında her zaman prestiji ve gücü temsil ettiğine inanılmaktadır. Navajo kabilesi olarak bilinen Amerika Birleşik Devletleri’nin önemli yerli kabilelerinden biri olan bu toplulukta, turkuaz rengi ve taşları çok yaygındır.Yapılan kaynak araştırmalarında da Kuzey Amerika’daki en büyük Kızılderili yerleşim alanı olan ve rezervasyon alanı olarak adlandırılan bölgede bulunan Amerikan Kızılderililerinin, turkuaz rengini sıklıkla kullandıkları anlaşılmıştır. Araştırma esnasında Kızılderili kilimlerinde, kıyafetlerinde, mokasen denilen boncuk ayakkabılarda, çantalarda, takılarda ve birçok objenin süslemesinde turkuaz taşının kullanıldığı, turkuaz renkli boncukların da özellikle ayakkabı vb. günlük kullanım eşyalarının süslemelerinde tercih edildiği görülmektedir. Hem Türk, hem de Kızılderili kültür ve sanatında turkuazın, renk olarak da kutsallaştırıldığı anlaşılmaktadır. Kızılderili topluluklarını turkuaz taşını ve rengini sıkça kullanmasının sebebi ise turkuaz taşının dünyadaki çıkarıldığı maden yataklarından bir tanesinin de bu bölgede olmasıdır. Araştırma başlangıcında, Türk rengi olarak literatürde yerini alan bu rengin, ABD kıtasına nasıl gittiği ve niçin kullanıldığı araştırılmak istense de, çıkan sonuç orada turkuaz taşı maden yataklarının çok olması ile açıklanabilir. Sadece kültürler arasında renksel bir benzerlik gibi görülen bu benzerliğin, iki kültürde de bu renge mistik anlam yüklenmesi şeklinde açıklamak mümkündür.
In order to explore the traces of Turkish culture and art, their similarities in different continents; field and literary research in different dates has been carried out. In many of the objects studied at the American National Museum of the American Indian, where the Indian culture is located, the use of turquoise color in patterns, motifs, symbols, symbols, clothes, accessories and jewellery has been found. In another continent without border, this research has been done to determine whether this color, known as the Turkish color in literature, is linked to Turkish culture and art. In the 2015 North America, which is located in the American continent, has been conducted a field research in which the Indian culture and art are studied, by going to the Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Chinle, Gallup, Hubel, Santa Fe, Shiprock, Ganado and Albuquerque regions. The two communities have made the turquoise color a part of their cultures. Turquoise has been sanctified by putting mythological meanings on the color.For the American indigenous, turquoise is one of the important colors that put many meanings on. It is believed that the turquoise color always represents prestige and strength among the Indians. In this community, one of the major indigenous tribes of the United States, known as the Navajo tribe, the turquoise color and stones are very common.The source research has also found that the American Indians in the region, which is the largest indigenous settlement in North America and is called the reservation area, frequently use the turquoise color. During the research; in the Indigenous clothes, clothes, butterfly shoes, bags, jewellery, and in the decoration of many objects, turquoise stone was used, turquoise colored butterfly, especially shoes, etc. It is preferred to use on the daily basis. In both Turkish and Indian culture and art it is understood that turquoise is sacred as a color. The reason Indian communities frequently use turquoise stone and its color is that one of the mining beds in which turquoise stone is extracted in the world is also in this region. At the beginning of the research, this color, which takes its place in the literature as Turkish color, would like to investigate how it went to the U.S. continent and why it was used, but the outcome could be explained by the fact that there were a lot of turquoise stone mining beds. It is only possible to explain this similarity, which is seen as a color similarity between cultures, in the form of the burning of this color mystical meaning in both cultures.
The color of turquoise, which is identified with Turkish culture and art, has taken part in literature as Turkish color with using in many Turkish communities from Central Asia to the present, in the Seljuk and Ottoman period. The turquoise color, which is generally used in architectural structures, mosques, tiles, ceramics and items using daily was used as turquoise blue in the Ottoman period. In order to search the signs and similarities of Turkish culture and art in different continents, field and literature research was conducted on different dates. I t has been determined that the turquoise color has been used in patterns, motifs, symbols, clothes, accessories and jewellery in many objects examined in the National Museum of the American where Indian culture is located (National Museum of the American ındian). This research was conducted to determine whether this color known as Turkish color in the literature has a relation with Turkish culture and art in another continent that doesn’t have a border. Related to the subject, field research examining Native Amrican culture and art was conducted in 2015 by visiting the regions of Arizona, New Mexico, Colorado, Utah, Chinle, Gallup, Hubel, Santa Fe, Shiprock, Ganado, Albuquerque in North America, which are located on the American continent. Altough the color turquoise has been used in different places and in different shapes in Turkish art and Native American culture, it has been revealed that there is a paralellism in the meaning it imposes.Both communities have made turquoise a part of their culture. They consecrated the turquoise color by attrubiting mythlogical meanings. Turquoise is one of the important colors that has many meanings for Native Americans.The color of turquoisehas always been believed to represent prestige and power among Native Americans. Turquoise color and stones are very common in this community that is one of the important indigenous tribes of the United States, known as the Navajo tribe. During the research; in the source researches on Native American rugs, clothes, bead shoes called loafers, bags and jewellery, it has been understood that the American Indians, who live in the area called reservation area, which is the largest settlement in North America, frequently use turquoise color and it has been appeared that turqoise Stone has been used in decoration of many objects and turquoise color beads have been preferred especially in the decoration of shoe and daily used objects.It is understood that turquoise is also consecrated as a color in both Turkish and Native American culture and art. The reason why the Indian communities use turquoise and its color frequently is that one of the mineral deposits where turquoise stone is extracted in the world being in this region. Altough it is desired to investigate how this color, which took its place in the literature as a Turkish color at the beginning of the research, went to the USA continent and why it was used, the result can be explained by the fact that there are many turquoise Stone mineral deposits there. This similarity that is only seen as a color similarity between cultures can be explained by the mystical meaning of this color in both cultures.
Alan : Eğitim Bilimleri; Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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