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In the sociology of Talcott Parsons, social order and religion are intertwined, and religion is seen as playing an important role in maintaining social order. Parsons believed that religion provided a set of values and beliefs that helped to create and maintain social cohesion, order, and stability. Parsons argued that religion provided a framework of meaning that helped people to make sense of the world around them. Religion also provided a set of norms and values that governed social behavior and helped to regulate social interactions. This, in turn, contributed to the maintenance of social order. Parsons further argued that religion played an important role in promoting social integration and solidarity. Religion provided a sense of belonging and identity for individuals and helped to create a sense of community. This sense of community, in turn, helped to promote social cooperation and harmony. Moreover, Parsons identified two types of religious orientation: the "inner-worldly" and the "other-worldly" orientations. The inner-worldly orientation refers to a focus on the fulfillment of religious duties in the present world, while the other-worldly orientation emphasizes the attainment of salvation or eternal life in the afterlife. According to Parsons, the inner-worldly orientation is more compatible with modern society and its emphasis on rationality and efficiency. This type of religious orientation is seen as contributing to the maintenance of social order and stability by promoting conformity to social norms and values. Overall, Parsons believed that religion played an important role in maintaining social order and stability, and that it helped to promote social integration and solidarity. However, he also acknowledged that religion could be a source of conflict and tension if different religious groups held incompatible beliefs or if religious beliefs came into conflict with the norms and values of modern society.

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