Özet:

Literature, especially novel, is like a mirror that is held on to the public. The belles lettres, like novels, narratives, poems are both personal creativity and reflect the social, economic and political problems of that area. For that reason, the belles lettres can be acknowledged as sociological data at the same time. 19 th century Russian Literature is the century of Russian authors who became well‐known worldwide. The most important authors like Pushkin, Gogol, Dostoyevsky, Turgenyev, Tolstoy lived in this century. These names were approved as the gurus of 19 th century Russian Literature and they didn’t remain insensitive to social problems, in addition they commented the modernization process that the Russian public had lived in their master pieces. In this study, the social and political divisions that were cause by Russian modernization will be anlyzde by the help of master pieces of 19 th century Russian Literatures. İn these literaty works, the characters, plots and phraseology that were chosen and used by the authors will be analyzed and the ideas that are in favour of or aganist the movements of thought and modernization in the 19 th century will be studied.

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