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Osmanlı döneminde sosyal hayatın gelişmesine paralel olarak artan dini ve idari ihtiyaçlar şeyhülislamlık makamı içerisinde ayrı bir fetvâhâne bölümü kurulmasını gerekli kılmıştır. İlk şeyhülislamlar ülke sınırlarının dar, sosyal hayatın sade ve bürokratik görevlerinin az olması sebebiyle kendilerine sorulan sorulara sözlü veya yazılı olarak derhal cevap vermişlerse de zamanla halkın ve idarenin dini konularla ilgili soru ve problemleri ve buna bağlı olarak fetvâ talepleri artmıştır. Bu çerçevede şeyhülislamlık içerisinde fetvâhâne olarak kullanıldığını bildiğimiz en eski bina, 1924 yılında şeyhülislamlığın lağvedilmesi üzerine İstanbul Müftülüğüne tahsis edilmiş olan ve tarih içerisinde birkaç defa yangına maruz kalmış olmasına karşın günümüze sağlam olarak ulaşabilmiş bulunan yapı olup, ilk inşa edildiğinde de şeyhülislamlık makamının fetvâhâne bölümü olduğu bilinmektedir. Böylesine Osmanlı sosyal, kültürel ve dini hayatında önemli bir yere sahip müesseselerden biri olarak ortaya çıkan, gelişen fetvâhânelerin bir örneği de Ordu’nun Ünye ilçesinde günümüze ulaşmış durumdadır. Bu çalışmada Ünye Fetvâhânesi bağlamında, fetvâhânelerin ortaya çıkışı, gelişimi ve mimari dokusu üzerine de bir değerlendirme yapılmaya çalışılacaktır
The religious and administrative needs that have grown parallel to the development of social life in the Ottoman period have made it necessary to establish a separate fetvâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâh. Though the first Sheikhisms immediately answered the questions that were asked to them orally or in writing because of the narrow borders of the country, the simple and bureaucratic duties of social life, the questions and problems of the people and the administration regarding religious matters and consequently the demands of fetva have increased. The oldest building we know that it was used as a fetvâhâne in the Islamic Republic in this framework is the building that was assigned to the Islamic Republic of Istanbul in 1924 on the laugging of the fetvâhâne and which, although it has been exposed to fire several times in history, has been able to reach the present day and is known that it is the fetvâhâne section of the Islamic Republic when it was first built. One example of the developing fetvahanes that appear as one of the institutions that have an important place in the Ottoman social, cultural and religious life has also reached today in the Army’s Unnye district. In this study, in the context of the Unnye Fetvâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâhâh
In parallel with developments in social life increasing religious and administrative needs in the Ottoman era required the establishment of a separate fatwa office within the authority of Shayk al-Islam. Due to such reasons as living in a relatively small country, having simple social lives and few administrative duties, the first Shayk al-Islams had given immediate answers to the questions in written or verbal forms, but over time, the questions and problems of the public and the administration related to religious issues and their demands for fatwas increased accordingly. In this context, the oldest building that we know was used as a fatwa office is the building that was allocated to the Mufti of Istanbul after the closure of the Shayk al-Islam unit in 1924 and was exposed to fire several times throughout the history, but has survived to the present day. It is known that this building, from the very beginning, was built and used as a fatwa office. An example of the fatwa offices emerged as an important institution in the Ottoman social, cultural and religious lives has reached the present day in Ünye district of Ordu. In this study, an evaluation will be made on the emergence, development and architectural texture of the fatwa offices in the context of Unye Fatwa Office (Fetvâhâne).
Field : Eğitim Bilimleri; Filoloji; Güzel Sanatlar; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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