Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia seen in clinical practice. The incidence of this arrhythmia increases with age and the most devastating complication is acute ischaemic stroke. Anticoagulant and antiplatelet agents are used for the prevention of thromboembolism and AF related stroke. Vitamin K antagonists have been used for this indication for a long time but they have several limitations such as drug interactions, narrow therapeutic window, drug-food interactions, need for close INR (international normalized ratio) measurements. Novel oral anticoagulant agents (NOAC) are shown to be non-inferior to warfarin in the prevention of thromboembolism and even have better safety profile. The appropriate use of NOACs would lead to an improvement in the management of stroke prevention in patients with AF
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