Abstract:

The proclamation of the Republic in Türkiye can be considered the beginning of modern society and politics because it ended a dynastic theocratic state and turned into an institution based on popular sovereignty. In this regard, the establishment of the Republic reminds of the republican experiences in America and France, which took place in the last quarter of the 18th century. The demand for change, which started under the leadership of social segments demanding free and equal citizenship in both countries, accelerated the revolutions, which were followed by a republican administration guided by written constitutions. The republican founding act in America and France are examples because modern constitutions shaped by human rights declarations accompanied the revolutions that destroyed the old order. A similar paradigm of change and republican essence is present in the new political regime in Türkiye at the beginning of the twentieth century. This study aims to discuss the founding act in Türkiye in light of the republican experiences after the American and French Revolutions. The issue which has a broad framework is limited by the principle of republican political participation. Firstly, a comparison is made regarding the establishment of the Republic in America and France through the two themes, and then the republican beginning in Türkiye is discussed. The study investigates the potential and possibility of a democratic republic in the establishment of the new state and regime in Türkiye.

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