Abstract:

It has emerged in recent years that bacteria in the human gastrointestinal tract have been involved in the pathogenesis and treatment of various diseases. Microbiota includes all special species while microbiome includes genes of microorganisms which live commensally with human.The human body must have a healthy gastrointestinal system to maintain a healthy life. This is achieved by intestinal microflora. Food additives such as probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics are used to strengthen the beneficial microflora of the intestine. Microbial dysbiosis, described as the decrease of useful bacteria and the increase of harmful bacteria, has been associated with colon –gastric cancer, celiac disease and many extraintestinal diseases such as allergy, obesity, Parkinson disease, Diabetes Mellitus and cardiovascular diseases. Differences in intestinal microbiota composition are detected in many cases like diabetes, allergy, autism, obesity, gastric cancer, hypertension and autoimmune diseases. Healthy diet recommendations, including prebiotic and probiotic foods and the use of probiotic agents, look promising for future treatment of gastrointestinal ve extraintestinal diseases. Interventions based on microbiota manipulation are becoming increasingly widespread for many chronic conditions and are promising for the future.

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