Abstract:

Another important task of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which has a lot of important functions within the cell, is to ensure protein intolerance. The ER contains glucose-regulating protein 78, glucose-regulating protein 94, lectin-like proteins and foldazes. In physiological or pathological situations that exceed the capacity of the ER function, untold or wrongly-told protein accumulation occurs in the lumen, which is called ER stress. After ER stress is formed within the cell, the signal pathways called untouched protein response (UPR) are activated to continue the vital functions of the cell. Protein kinase RNA (PKR) similar ER kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor (ATF6), inozitol-need kinase 1 (IRE1) pathways are the headlines of UPR signal pathways. Endoplasmic reticulum stress and unfolded protein response Another important function of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER), which has many important tasks in the cell, is to ensure the protein folding. In ER, there are glucose regulated protein 78, glucose regulated protein 94, lectin like proteins and foldases, which enables the protein folding. In case of physiological and pathological situations that exceed the function capacity of ER, unfolded or misfolded protein accumulation occurs in the lumen and this case is called ER stress. After the ER stress occurs in the cell, the signal pathways called unfolded protein response (UPR) step in for the continuation of the vital functions of the cell. Major UPR signal pathways include protein kinase RNA (PKR) like ER kinase (PERK), activating transcription factor 6 (ATF6), j requiring kinase 1 (IRE1). by J. Exp. The Clin. Med., 2012; 29:95-100