Özet:

Starting from ancient times to today's contemporary structures, architecture has always been in human life. Therefore, in line with the needs, from tents formed by a cover mechanism to today's skyscrapers, structures have always developed with many phases. With the influence of the Industrial Revolution, the acceleration of technology in the 20th century directly changed and developed the building sector. The application of new materials added to the architecture has revealed different concepts in the building and has become more preferable. Materials that used to be carriers separated the form and structure of the building, became the design language of architects and engineers. Also, started to offer more accessible solutions. Lightweight materials, which were produced in the 20th century and are still being developed in the existing building stock, are the last stage of structural systems and has been an answer to many problems in buildings. Light structural materials, consisting of steel, reinforced concrete, glass systems, wooden systems, pneumatic systems, membrane and textile systems, have a building function; It brings many advantages such as sustainability, energy efficiency, use of recyclable materials, behavior in case of disaster, contributions to smart architecture, permeable spaces and accessible space organization design. In this study, while being included in the structure and form of the structures, the effects of lightweight structural materials on the design, their contribution to the structure and its environment, its effect on sustainable and recyclable building design, its effects on the structure during earthquake and fire, and their contribution to post-disaster temporary housing were examined.

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