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Bu çalışmada, Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’nde göz hastalıklarının tedavisinde kullanılan tıbbi bitkiler ele alınmıştır. Söz konusu bitkiler, sıvı veya merhem şeklinde hazırlanan ilaçların içerisinde ana malzeme olarak kullanılmış ve göz tedavisinin önemli bir parçasını oluşturmuştur. İlaçların içeriğindeki malzemelerin bozulmasından dolayı günümüze ulaşamaması sebebiyle bu konudaki bilgilerimiz yetersizdir. Ancak Roma İmparatorluk Dönemi’nde yaşayan bilim insanlarının günümüze aktardıkları yazılı kaynaklar, göz tedavisinde kullanılan bitkiler hakkında önemli bilgiler sağlamaktadır. Bu kaynakların aktardıkları bilgileri bir araya getirerek hazırladığımız listede, adamotu, akasya, aloe, ayva, baldıran, banotu, çuha çiçeği, gül, hardal, haşhaş (afyon), hint sümbülü, iris, kantaron, keten, lycium, mersin, mür, nane, rezene, safran, sarımsak, sedef otu, sığla (günlük), soğan, tarçın gibi farklı familyalara ait bitkilerin göz ilaçlarının içerisinde kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ancak bunların arasında bazı bitkilerin daha yoğun kullanıldığı tespit edilmiştir. Çalışmamızda detaylı bir şekilde incelediğimiz bu bitkiler, adamotu, akasya, baldıran, banotu, çuha çiçeği, haşhaş (afyon), lycium, mür, safran ve sedef otu’dur. Söz konusu bitkilerin, yaprak, dal, kök, meyve gibi bölümlerinden çıkartılan öz su, yağ veya reçine, özellikle göz ağrısı ve göz iltihaplarının tedavisinde fayda sağlamıştır. Çuha çiçeği gibi bazı bitkilerin ise, cerrahi operasyon öncesinde göz bebeğini büyütmek amacıyla kullanıldığı belirlenmiştir. Ayrıca bazı bitkilerin hayvanların gözlerinde oluşan hastalıkları tedavi ettiği de tespit edilmiştir. Söz konusu bitkiler, hayvansal veya mineral kaynaklı malzemelerle karıştırılarak hazırlanmış, anne sütü, şarap ve yağmur suyu gibi çeşitli maddelerle ilacın kıvamı ayarlanmıştır. Yaptığımız çalışma, göz ilaçlarının içerisindeki en önemli ana malzemenin bitkisel kaynaklı ürünler olduğunu ortaya koymuştur.
In this study, the medicinal plants used in the treatment of eye diseases in the Roman Imperial Period are discussed. The plants in question were used as the main material in the medicines prepared as liquid or ointment and they were an important constituent of eye treatment. Since the materials in the medicine do not survive because of decay, our information regarding this point are insufficient. However, the written sources brought to the present by the scientists lived in the Roman Imperial Period provide important information about the plants used in eye treatment. In the list compiled in reference to the information in the sources, it is seen that plants belonging to different families such as mandrake, aloe, quince, hemlock, henbane, primrose, rose, mustard, poppy (opium), spikenard, iris, centaury, flax, lycium, myrtus, myrrh, mint, fennel, saffron, garlic, rue, liquidambar (sweetgum), onion, cinnamon were used in eye medicine. However, it is determined that some plants among them were used more often. These plants, which are further investigated in our study, are mandrake, acacia, hemlock, henbane, primrose, poppy (opium), lycium, myrrh, saffron and rue. The juice, oil or resin extracted from the leaves, branches, roots and fruits of these plants were used in the treatment of eye pain and inflammation. It was found that some plants such as primrose were used for the purpose of enlarging the pupils before surgeries. Moreover, it was determined that some herbs cured the eye diseases in animals The plants in question were mixed with animal or mineral origin materials and the consistency of the medicine was adjusted with breast milk, wine and rainwater. The study reveals that the most important components in the eye medicine were herbal products.
In this study, the medicinal plants used in the treatment of eye diseases in the Roman Imperial Period are discussed. The plants in question were used as the main material in the medicines prepared as liquid or ointment and they were an important constituent of eye treatment. Since the materials in the medicine do not survive because of decay, our information regarding this point are insufficient. However, the written sources brought to the present by the scientists lived in the Roman Imperial Period provide important information about the plants used in eye treatment. In the list compiled in reference to the information in the sources, it is seen that plants belonging to different families such as mandrake, aloe, quince, hemlock, henbane, primrose, rose, mustard, poppy (opium), spikenard, iris, centaury, flax, lycium, myrtus, myrrh, mint, fennel, saffron, garlic, rue, liquidambar (sweetgum), onion, cinnamon were used in eye medicines. However, it is determined that some plants among them were used more often. These plants, which are further investigated in our study, are mandrake, acacia, hemlock, henbane, primrose, poppy (opium), lycium, myrrh, saffron and rue. The juice, oil or resin extracted from the leaves, branches, roots and fruits of these plants were used in the treatment of eye pain and inflammation. It was found that some plants such as primrose were used for the purpose of enlarging the pupils before surgeries. Moreover, it was determined that some herbs cured the eye diseases in animals The plants in question were mixed with animal or mineral origin materials and the consistency of the medicine was adjusted with breast milk, wine and rainwater. The study reveals that the most important components in the eye medicine were herbal products.
Field : Güzel Sanatlar; Hukuk; İlahiyat; Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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