Özet:

ABSTRACT Dyspnea is a common subjective symptom that negatively affects the quality of life and basic human needs. Among the causes of dyspnea are cardiovascular diseases, cancer, neuromuscular, metabolic, neurological, psychological, social, or environmental factors, especially lung diseases. Opioids, which are frequently used in the treatment of dyspnea with pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods, act by reducing ventilation, anxiety, and the perception of central dyspnea. In our country, opioids within the scope of the Communiqué on Health Practices are covered by the institution. However, the problem of access to opioids in developing and undeveloped countries, the anxiety experienced by doctors while prescribing and nurses while applying them, and opiophobia reduce the use of medical opioids. However, there are many studies that prove that opioids can be safely used in the treatment of dyspnea with evidence-based opioid doses, administration routes, ideal monitoring, and holistic care without causing serious side effects. Obstacles arising from lack of knowledge and insecurity in the use of opioids should be eliminated with the education of healthcare professionals. From this point of view, the aim of this review, in which the results of recent studies are discussed, is to examine the place of opioids in the treatment of dyspnea, the barriers to their use, their safe use, and care.

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