Özet:

In addition to their roles as membran components and fuel molecules, polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have gained much attention for their role in regulating gene expression. PUFAs modify gene expressions of lipid-lipoprotein metabolism by binding to specific nuclear receptors and transcription factors e.g. peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPAR). Dietary n-3 PUFA supplementation in humans is associated with significantly lower level of VLDL triacylglycerol and apo B synthesis. However effects of n-3 PUFAs on LDL and HDL cholesterol appear to be inconsistent. On the other hand, humans consuming diet rich in n-6 PUFAs have lower total and LDLcholesterol.Changes in n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios have the potential to significantly influence the production of inflammatory eicosanoids and to contribute to the inflammation mediated chronic diseases such as atherosclerosis. PUFAs have been the subjects of nutrigenomic studies. Genetic differences among individuals have been indicated to be responsible for variations in response to dietary PUFAs.For example, a PPAR α single nucleotid polymorphism modulates the association between plasma lipid concentration and dietary n-6 and n-3 fatty acid intake. With the identification and understanding of individual differences in gen expression in response to diet, we will then , perhaps, be able to answer the following questions: Which fat? To whom ?

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