Özet:

Education became a government task with reform movements in Ottoman Empire. It made progress in terms of quality and quantity in Tanzimat period. The reforms went on during Abdülhamid II period and the education system was made more centralized and the control was increased. Freedom to speak and write and old practices were criticized with the 2nd constitutional period. One of those who criticized the education system was Âyanzade Namık Ekrem (1878-1917), one of the educators of the period. He criticized the current implementations in his booklet named “Maarif (Education)”. Accordingly, education leads to the existence and development of a people. Though Ottoman People was open to develop and it was possible to be supported by education, there were contrary implementations. People were unaware of science and skill, and civilization. The governors remained unresponsive to those. Teachers were appointed with favoritism. The salary of teachers was too low that they couldn’t make a living. Even those who didn’t receive training could be teacher. Those malpractices caused the bitter fruits, spoiled the education, and ruined the country. The most criticized side of the education during Abdülhamid II period is quality, as it is shown in that booklet. Thus, the problems weren’t solved and even they went on in the same way in later years.

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