Özet:

During the First World War, the Turkish Gendarmerie fought alongside and under the command of the Armed Forces on many fronts, while ensuring internal security on the one hand, and against external enemies on the other. The Gendarmerie was reorganized in terms of its organization and duties with a regulation dated 13 October 1918. However, the severe provisions of the Mondros Armistice, signed on October 30, 1918, prevented the implementation of the arrangements planned to be made in the gendarmerie. The Turkish Grand National Assembly, which opened in Ankara on April 23, 1920, primarily handled the gendarmerie to ensure order in the country. First, he established the General Gendarmerie Commander within the Ministry of National Defense and started the rehabilitation of the gendarmerie organization. The existence of two gendarmerie organizations affiliated to the Istanbul and Ankara Governments at that time negatively affected these activities. During the War of Independence, in Ankara, the Turkish Grand National Assembly and its government carried out an intense work towards the improvement and development of the gendarmerie in its sphere of influence. Especially in secret sessions, the gendarmerie issue was discussed in all aspects, but it was not covered adequately. The aim of this study is to fill this gap in the history of the Turkish Gendarmerie. Attaching great importance to ensuring internal security, the Turkish Grand National Assembly established Mobile Gendarmerie Detachments within the Ministry of National Defense. The General Directorate of Security was established on December 12, 1920, under the Ministry of Internal Affairs for the sole management of the gendarmerie and police forces responsible for internal security. During the War of Independence, Gendarmerie units tried to be successful in protecting critical points behind the front, ensuring road safety and eliminating all kinds of terrorism. However, there were many difficulties in this regard. Gendarmerie officers took the lead of the National Forces formed in South and West Anatolia against foreign invasions. Staffing numbers and lack of money were a major issue in reorganizing the corrupt Gendarmerie. During this period, the Gendarmes fought both inside and outside. Despite many setbacks, the gendarmerie tried to do its job. The most intense discussions on these issues were held in the secret sessions of the First GNAT. In this study, the period of 1920-1921 was examined and evaluated in the interviews that exceeded hundreds of pages in which the gendarmerie issue took place in the Secret Court Records.

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