Özet:

This research is conducted to determine the characteristics of beekeeping in enterprises in Igdir Province whose source of livelihood is beekeeping and apiary production, in order to recommend solutions to the problems of beekeeping in the region and contribute to its improvement. With this aim, a questionnaire is applied to a sample of 93 beekeepers determined by simple random sampling method. Obtained data are presented in numbers and percentages and c2 tests are used for the analytical analysis. Analyses showed that the average experience of the beekeepers is 20.10 years. Average number of populated hives in enterprises is 115.9 farm and all hives are modern-type hives.  Die-off rates of the colonies are determined as 46.8% and 34.5% in the Central and Tuzluca districts and 39.6% in general.  The reasons for colony losses are expressed as wintering, loss of mother bee, hive management and climatic factors by 24.7%, 20.4%, 19.4% and 14.0% of the beekeepers. Colony losses due to diseases and insects are seen in 15.1% and 6.5% of the enterprises, respectively. The ratios of enterprises fighting with foulbrood and Varroa are 39.8% and 96.8%. 73.3% of the beekeepers use Rulamit to fight Varroa hive 10.0% use organic acid and 5.6% use formic acid.  82.8% of the beekeepers expressed that climatic factors influence honey yield. 3.2% expressed swarming and bee losses, 4.3% expressed existence of highly-populated hives in the same area, and 4.3% expressed bee care and nutrition is effective on honey yield. As a result, in order to have a healthy and productive colony, it was determined that colony controls, change of queen bees and seasonal applications should be done regularly, taking into account climatic and environmental factors, and bees should be taken to places where honey plants are dense.

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