Abstract:

Cilicia, also known as Cukurova, has been an important region throughout history due to its strategic location. Armenians were among the many states and communities that sought to establish dominance over this region. After the Battle of Manzikert in 1071, Armenians migrated to Anatolia and settled in Cilicia, where they attempted to establish their own authority. Alongside political relations, they also put emphasis on economic development as a means to demonstrate their presence. They strived to solidify their political presence by achieving economic success. To this end, they utilized the fertile and rich lands of Cilicia in line with their objectives. Armenian dynastic leaders, aiming to benefit maximally from this wealth, engaged in various economic ventures from agriculture and livestock to mining. Through these endeavors, they sought to draw attention to the region and achieve political gains from its wealth. Armenians commercialized all kinds of products from the region. They also granted settlement and tax exemptions to various merchant groups, particularly the Genoese and Venetians. By doing so, they aimed to increase Cilicia's commercial potential and strive to gain control over regional trade and trade routes. Armenians supported their initiatives through the enactment of laws, thereby establishing order in the commercial sphere and aiming to generate more income. This study explores the economic activities and initiatives of Cilician Armenians upon their arrival and settlement in the region in the late 11th century.

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