Özet:

Objective: In this study, optimum growing conditions and potential land suitability classes for olive cultivation were determined according to climatic, soil and topographic factors in Turkey. Material and Methods: In determining land suitability for olive production, Geographical Information Systems Based Multiple Criteria Decision Making method was applied. In this context; The annual average temperature, January absolute minimum temperature, January average temperature, May average temperature, average summer maximum temperature, humidity, rainfall, land use capability sub-class, soil depth, restrictive soil properties, erosion degree, altitude and slope were evaluated. Each criterion layer is produced in raster data format. With the AHP approach, the degree of influence of the criteria was determined and criterion weights were assigned. Land suitability classes were created by combining criterion maps with linear combination method. Results: The potential suitability map for olive production was obtained in four classes as very suitable, medium suitable, less suitable and unsuitable. For olive production, 6.7 % (5 254 937 ha) of Turkey accounted for areas suitable for cultivation, while moderately suitable areas accounted for 6.3 % (4 940 932 ha). In suitable areas where olive production is made; The average annual temperature is 16.8°C, the absolute minimum temperature is -2.8°C, the average temperature for January is 7.0°C, the average temperature for May is 19.6°C and the total annual precipitation is 668 mm. Conclusion: Temperature is the most important and weighted factor in the formation of regional differences in olive cultivation. GIS-based multi-criteria evaluation method has been used effectively in crop suitability classification.

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