Özet:

Examples in the world show that electoral alliances, one of the types of cooperation between parties, are encountered in both parliamentary and presidential systems. This is also true for Turkey, which has been governed by a parliamentary system from the moment of transition to multi-party politics until 2018, and by a presidency government system, which is a kind of presidential system after this date. At this point, it is seen that the electoral alliances experienced before 2018 were not carried out on a legal platform and did not go beyond the elections in which they were formed. It is noteworthy that those established in 2018 differed from their predecessors, both because they were established on a legal platform and since then, they have given the general shape to Turkish political life. It is observed that these differences have made electoral alliances one of the subjects that academic studies in Turkey focus on. In this context, it is seen that the studies carried out so far have dealt with the issue in the context of electoral rules and electoral systems, and the effects of the new regulations on ensuring justice in representation are emphasized. However, it is noteworthy that they do not deal with the internal and external factors of the institutional structure in a holistic way, and they do not touch on which options the institutional environment embodied by these factors make more preferable for political actors. For this reason, in this study, it is tried to be revealed by considering the factors that lead the components of “Cumhur Alliances” to cooperate in both elections and the factors that lead the members of “Millet Alliances” to form alliances only in the legislative elections, but prevent them from doing so in the Presidential Elections.

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