Özet:

Abstract In the Arabic language, words are classified into two parts, such as mu'rab and mabni, according to whether the endings of words change due to the change of amil at the beginning of the words. While there are some changes at the end of mu'rab words depending on the position of the word in the sentence, mabni words do not accept the change in any way. Mabnî words are classified into two parts as essential mabnis that have no place in i'rab in the sentence, and accidental (ârızî) mabnis who do not accept the sign of i'rab in the sentence even if they have a place in i'rab in the sentence. While letters, madi, and command verbs and sentences are essential mabnis, some types of words such as pronouns, ism mavsul (ism-i mevsul), ism isharah (ism-i işaret), and fi'l nouns (fiil isim) are accidental words. Apart from these types of words, which are regarded as permanent, there are some mabni words, not always but in some circumstances, such as six directions (cihât-ı sitte/ al jihat al sittah). The types of words that are accidental mabni, according to some linguists, are mabni for only one reason, which is that these words resemble the letter (harf) that is one of the essential mabnis. Accordingly, mabni words become mabni because they resemble letters in terms of the number of letters, meaning, being amil or mohmal (mühmel) but not ma'mul, being similar to the letter, and demanding something else to express meaning. According to most linguists, there are other reasons, such as being used as an alternative to a sentence and being murakkab. In this study, the types of words that are mabni in the Arabic language and the causes make words mabni will be discussed. Keywords: Arabic Language, Mabni, Mu’rab, Reason, Letter.

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