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IX.-XIII. yüzyıllarda Türk-İslâm Dünyasında matematik, tıp, kimya, astronomi, fizik, optik, mekanik, zooloji, botanik, mineraloji, coğrafya vd. bilim alanlarında büyük başarılar elde edilmiştir. Önde gelen bilim tarihçilerine göre, Türk-İslâm Dünyasının farklı bölgelerinde yaşayan bilginler, Yunan ve Bizanslı seleflerini yalnızca geride bırakmamışlardır. Onlar sonraki yüzyıllar için bu bilim dallarının gelişim yollarını da belirlemişlerdir. Bu seçkin bilginler arasında dünya tıp tarihinde silinemez izler bırakan çok sayıda hekimden de söz etmek mümkündür. Onlardan biri, Endülüslü cerrah-hekim Ebü’l-Kâsım ez-Zehrâvî’dir. O, cerrahi alanına yaptığı sağlam ve özgün katkılarla bilinmekte ve Türk-İslâm Dünyasında cerrahinin kurucusu olarak kabul edilmektedir. Zehrâvî birçok eser kaleme almıştır. Bunlardan bir tıp ansiklopedisi niteliğindeki Kitâbu’t-tasrîf li-men ʿaceze ʿani’t-te’lîf adlı kitabı günümüze ulaşmıştır. Kitap, Türk-İslâm Dünyasından çok, Avrupa ülkelerinde dikkat çekmiş ve etkili olmuştur. Kitabın farklı bölümleri başta Latince olmak üzere, İbranice, Fransızca, İngilizce vd. dillere tercüme edilmiştir. Türk-İslâm Dünyasında yetişmiş olan bilim insanlarının özel olarak araştırıldığı Rusya’da da Zehrâvî’nin bilimsel mirası tüm yönleriyle ele alınmıştır. Tasrîf, İbn Sînâ’nın el-Kânun fî’t-Tıbb adlı eserine oranla geç olsa da Rusçaya tercüme edilmiştir. Bu makalenin amacı, Zehrâvî ve başlıca eseri Tasrîfle ilgili Rusça çalışmaları -mevcut olanaklar çerçevesinde- tespit etmek, bu çalışmalar arasından öne çıkanları ortaya koymaktır. Son olarak bu makale, Zehrâvî ve Tasrîfle ilgili Türkçe literatüre bir katkı sunma amacı taşımaktadır. Böylece, makalenin yazarı, ülkemizde devam eden ve gelecekte gerçekleştirilmesi düşünülen ilgili araştırmalara kaynak ve malzeme dizini bakımından yararlı olmayı da ummaktadır.
9th and XIII. In the Turkish-Islamic world in the centuries, mathematics, medicine, chemistry, astronomy, physics, optics, mechanics, zoology, botanics, minerology, geography, etc. Great success has been achieved in the field of science. According to leading scientific historians, scientists living in different regions of the Turkish-Islamic world have not just left behind their Greek and Byzantine ancestors. They have also determined the pathways of the development of these branches of science for the following centuries. Among these outstanding scientists, it is possible to talk about many doctors who have left untouchable traces in the world’s medical history. One of them is the surgeon, and one of them is the surgeon. He is known for his solid and original contributions to the surgical field and is recognized as the founder of the surgeon in the Turkish-Islamic world. He has made a lot of paintings. The Book of the Holy Spirit, which is the Book of the Holy Spirit, is the Book of the Holy Spirit, which is the Book of the Holy Spirit and the Book of the Holy Spirit. The book, more than the Turkish-Islamic World, has attracted attention and influence in the European countries. The different parts of the book are mainly in Latin, Hebrew, French, English, etc. translated into languages. In Russia, where the scientists who have grown up in the Turkish-Islamic World have been studied specifically, the scientific heritage of Zehrawi has been addressed in all aspects. Thus, even if it was translated into Russian, it was translated into Russian, even if it was translated into Russian. The purpose of this article is to identify the Russian work on Zehrawi and its main work on Tasrîf - within the framework of the existing possibilities - to reveal the outcomes among these studies. Finally, this article aims to contribute to the Turkish literature related to Zehrâvî and Tasrîfle. Thus, the author of the article hopes that the relevant research that is ongoing in our country and is considered to be carried out in the future will also be useful in terms of the resource and material directory.
Important achievements were obtained in the fields of mathematics, medicine, chemistry, astronomy, physics, optics, mechanics, zoology, botanic, mineralogy, geography and etc. in the Turkish-Islamic world between the ninth and thirteenth centuries. According to the leading historians of science, scholars living in different parts of the Turkish-Islamic world not only surpassed their Greek and Byzantine predecessors. They also paved the way for development of these fields of science for following centuries. It is possible to mention many physicians that left non-erasable marks in the medicine history among these distinguished scholars. One of these names is an Andalusian surgeon-physician called Abul-Qāsim al-Zahrāwī. He is known for his solid and unique contributions to the surgical world and regarded as the founder of surgery in the Turkish-Islamic world. al-Zahrāwī wrote many books. One of these books, called al-Taṣrīf (The Method of Medicine) regarded as a medical encyclopedia has reached until today. The book attracted more attention in the European countries than in the Turkish-Islamic world and had an impact on Europe. Different chapters from the book were translated into languages such as Hebrew, French, English and especially Latin. al-Zahrāwī’s scientific heritage has also been discussed with all its aspects in Russia where scientists in the Turkish-Islamic world have especially been studied. Even though it was translated at a later period than Avicenna’s al-Qānūn fī al-Ṭibb (The Canon of Medicine), al-Taṣrīf was translated into Russian. The aim of this study is to identify Russian studies on Zahrawi and his main work, al-Taṣrīf -within the framework of available opportunities- and to present prominent ones among these. In conclusion, this article also aims to contribute to the Turkish literature on al-Zahrāwī and al-Taṣrīf. Therefore, the author wishes to assist the relevant ongoing studies and the ones to be conducted in the future in terms of bibliography and material index.
Journal Type : Uluslararası
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