Abstract:

The Quran, which the Prophet received through revelation from Allah, is a literary miracle as well as in many ways. It is seen that the Qur'an uses different literary methods while explaining the subjects, considering the situation of its interlocutors. The Holy Prophet also made use of the Quran's method of expression and the Arabic language while performing his duty of prophethood and used a literary language when necessary. While fulfilling his mission of prophecy, the Prophet benefited from the narration method of the Qur'an and the expressions of the Arabic language, and used a literary language whenever necessary. While conveying the universal messages of religion, as in the Qur'an, the Prophet used direct expression, as well as the literary expression of Arabic literature such as metaphor, simile, representation, allusion, etc. Among these literary expression styles, simile is called non-representational simile, if the point of resemblance can be easily known and there is no need to think about it. However, if the point of resemblance is of an abstract nature that cannot be perceived by the senses in one or both sides, it is at the level of representation and falls into the category of simile that can be grasped with taville and intellectual effort. In this sense, representation is specific, simile is general. In this respect, the analogy of human actions to animal movements is the subject of non-representational simile. Certainly, one way to understand human behavior is to study animal movements. People prefer to describe some positive or negative behaviors, especially some negative behaviors or personality traits, by comparing them to animal movements. It is seen that this method is frequently used by Allah in the Qur'an. Animals that some human behaviors are likened to in the Qur'an; donkey, dog, spider, monkey and pig. The Prophet used similes as well as other literary arts in his narratives. To the dog who vomited and ate the situation of the person who made a donation and later gave up; He made comparisons like a sheep between two flocks, whose hypocrites did not know where to go. It is also seen that the Messenger of Allah made similes over animals related to prayer. He explained the virtue of going to the Jummah prayer early and the reward received from animals, as well as the prayer that does not read the Fatiha Surah by comparing it to a camel baby born with a disability. The Prophet aimed to make his meaning easier to understand by making use of the teaching power of these narrative methods. The Messenger of Allah gave examples that he uses knew well in order to make them understand the issue better. It is known that such an analogy is an effective method in education. This method is usually applied when there is a need to explain with an example to place the event in the mind of the listener, and it is done for different reasons such as praising or vilifying the verb of the like. It is seen that making the sampling on animals is mostly in order to correct the wrong actions of people and to avoid them. The Prophet also forbade the wrong actions of people by giving examples from animals. The animals or animal movements that the Messenger of Allah gave as an example are an effective method in education, considering the life of the Arabs. In this article, the narrations about the Prophet's use of different animal movements in order to correct the mistakes made by his Companions while performing their prayers by utilizing the art of simile are examined.

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