Abstract:

As a sector with high economic potential, tourism is an important action tool in the fight against economic problems, especially for developing countries. But this sector is also a very vulnerable, open to internal and external impacts and multi-actor activity area. In this regard, the size and status of freedoms in a society has the potential to influence the perceptions and preferences of tourists, and can have a long-term impact on tourist income and the number of tourists. In this study, the short/long-term effects on the foreign tourism income and the number of tourists, which are two important variables for the tourism sector of the period 1995-2018 of the Turkish economy, were tried to be identified with the help of the ARDL border test approach. The findings are that individual and political freedoms in Turkey for the subject period are determining indicators in terms of tourism income and the number of tourists.

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