Özet:

Mahmut Bilge, one of the muftīs of Cizre, was born in the city of Cizre, an important center of science, culture and civilization. One of the well-known scholars of recent times, Muftī started his education at an early age. As a result of his outstanding efforts, Muftī received his scientific authorization from his father, Mullā ʿAbd al-Raḥmān Khūserī, who was one of the renowned scholars of Cizre. When he turned eighteen, he completed his traditional scientific education. He also successfully graduated from official educational institutions, which he attended for a certain period of time. Like his father, who was also a Qādīrī sheikh, he was attached to the Birifkān Qādīrī sheikh. Later, he received the licence of the Qadiriyya sect from Sheikh Memduh Birifkānī. In addition to the dhāhirī sciences, he was among the distinguished and respected names of the period in the batini sciences. However, since he prioritized scientific research, writing books and training students, he engaged in sect/tariqa activities to a certain extent. Muftī, who worked as a civil servant in different parts of the country, retired while he was working as muftī of Cizre. He has successfully performed the various tasks he has undertaken and at the same time has trained many students. Among these students are well-known scholars respected throughout the region. During both his service as a civil servant and his retirement, He was requested to issue fatwās not only from the people inhabiting in the region but also from those across the country. He read the Islamic texts very well in light of the conditions of the day and made successful analyses. He became an actionist and steadfast scholar with a madrasa background. Muftī, who has a respectable position in the eyes of the public and administrators, has attracted attention with his scientific studies and extraordinary views. Muftī, who wrote many boks along with the notable Ay Risalesi making a tremendous impact throughout the country when it was published, spent his life writing books, giving lectures and preaching. Very few of his books have survived to the present day. A large part of Muftī's Dīwān, which he wrote in Arabic, Turkish, Persian and Kurdish languages, is also lost. The Dünya Manzumesi, which is the subject of this study, is one of the few poems in his Dīwān that has survived to the present day. Moreover, Dünya Manzûmesi is his only poem in which he deals with the issues of asceticism and morality. In addition, he underlined the the obligation to absolve oneself from the sensual feelings and take a firm stand against the love of the world in the poem. Muftī also emphasized the transience of worldly life and the permanence of the hereafter. Furthermore, In this poem he wanted to reveal the mistake of sacrificing the eternal life in the hereafter for the life of this world, which will definitely end. He talked about the need to stay away from bad friends in order not to fall into heedlessness and lose the happiness of this world and the hereafter. He explained that one should be vigilant against the traps of the nafs, and that one should not pursue empty dreams, giving examples from previous rulers. Muftī, who observed that the society was experiencing a collapse in religious and moral values, said that he was trying to purify himself and wanted other people to act in this way. According to him, the solution for the society to dispose of this moral corruption is not to forget the purpose of creation, to repent before death comes and to live a life in accordance with the consent of Almighty Allah.

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