Abstract:

Corn has been an important agricultural raw material and main food source for ages. With the increasing demand of the world population, grain processing technology has taken an important place. Low moisture levels are needed to safely store corn, which has an important place in the grain group. It is aimed to protect all nutrients and reliable storage by drying agricultural products. In this review, the studies carried out in recent years were examined and the factors affecting the drying characteristics of corn (product moisture, equilibrium moisture, diffusion coefficient, mass and energy equations, pressure drop and bulk density) were examined. The drying process is a complex and incomprehensible process in which heat, mass and momentum transfer mechanisms co-occur and in connection with each other. Calculations of drying processes are presented as a reference for the physical properties of corn such as roundness, equivalent diameter, geometric mean diameter, porosity, specific heat and thermal conductivity. Mathematical calculations are given to determine the basic equilibrium and heat and mass transfer parameters needed in engineering calculations for dryers. With experimental data, analytical and numerical solutions of simultaneous heat and mass transfer are possible with practical calculations. This type of data is also valuable when working on problems with grain storage, drying, and aeration. Mechanization of agriculture is needed to meet the needs of a rapidly growing and urbanizing population, and mechanical methods are needed to dry large quantities of grain. In this study, current information about corn, an industrial product, and corn drying systems are given. Experimental studies over the last 10 years are reviewed and discussed. Drawing attention to the design principles of industrial drying systems, it is aimed to shed light on commercial and academic studies of the compiled information.

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