Özet:

After the 9th century, there were close relations between the Abbasids and the Turkic-Islamic states. The caliphate spreading over a wide range of geographical locations was naturally in contact with different nations. This led to the emergence of new cultures synthesized under the umbrella of Islam thought. In the period when the Abbasid State began to decline, the Turks became stronger in the military field with the increase of their influence over the caliphate. The Crusaders, who were organized together in the 11th century to liberate Jerusalem from the Muslims and remove the Turks from the region, used the term Saracens for the Islamic army until the 15th century. Muslims in return used the expressions salîbiyyûn/ehl-i salîb to describe the Crusaders. Considering the fact that the Turks have been in the Islamic army since the 9th century, the word Saracens would incorporate not only Muslim Arabs but also the multinational Islamic army. Thus, Turkish commanders and ancient Turkish traditions have had a great influence on this army. One of these traditions was the Turkish military music tradition which was kept alive in the nevbethâne in Islamic army. The Crusaders, who encountered with the Saracens for the first time, witnessed a systematic army that determined its commands through music. The Crusaders, who only used trumpets until then, made some military reforms in terms of musical organizations as a result of these contacts. In consequence, philological similarities can be determined by considering the etymologies of the words in European languages that appeared to have been borrowed from Eastern languages. While European musicologists recognize this interaction between Saracens and Crusaders, none of the sources in the field seem to inquire about the origins of the Saracenic music. The existence of nevbethânes, and the educational institution of Turkish military music most likely indicate toward the Turkish origins of the Saracenic music.

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