Özet:

Increasing energy demand due to global population growth, decreasing fossil fuel reserves and environmental concerns resulted with the necessity of obtaining renewable and sustainable alternative energy sources from non-food products. Biodiesel, a renewable, non-toxic and biodegradable fuel type, can be used in diesel engines without engine modifications. But bioenergy production can compete with production of food and fodder crops in agricultural areas, which can result in increased food prices and potentially significant economic destabilization. Therefore, it has been proposed to use marginal agricultural areas for the production of bioenergy raw materials. Seeds of Camelina (False flax) (Camelina sativa), which is well adopted to marginal areas, have started to be prominent crop in recent years as a suitable source for biofuels. The high oil content (25-48%) and low production costs are important advantages of camelina. Fuel characteristics of camelina biodiesel have been shown to be suitable for ASTM D6751 and EN 14214 Standards in many respects. Motor power generation of >2000 rpm, is higher than that of mineral fuels. Camelina produces lower CO and CO2 than biodiesel mineral fuels. EPDK authority of Turkey mandates to blend diesel fuel with at least 0.5% biodiesel by the year 2018. The annual diesel consumption in Turkey is close to 29.106 m3 and it is estimated that 145.103 m3 biodiesel is required to mix with petrodiesel. In this review, we present a summary of internationally conducted studies on the characteristics, consumption, standards and environmental impacts of the camelina biodisel.

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