Abstract:

The aim of this study is to assess the levels of Caveolin-1 (CAV-1) as a possible alternative to the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the diagnosis of patients with prostate adenocarcinoma (PCa). Methods: The study is divided into two groups, 33 patients and 16 control groups. CAV-1 levels were studied with ELISA kit from blood samples of both groups. The results were statistically analyzed compared to the pre-diagnostic PSA levels. In the study, the patient group’s average age was 67.2 (45-90) while the control group’s average age was 56.68 (48-77). The average PSA was 1.1 (±0.64) for the control group and 12.3 (±8.7) for patients with adenocarcinoma. The average level of CAV-1 in the control group was 336 (±41,1) and 476 (±66,9) in patients with adenocarcinoma. 27 of the patients were prostatectomy and the remaining 6 began with hormone therapy. The Gleason Score (GS) of 18 of these 33 patients was 6 and below, the 10 GS 7, the 3 GS 8 and the 2 GS 9. In the group with prostate adenocarcinoma, higher levels of PSA and CAV-1 were found (p<0,05). CAV-1 (correlation parameter: 0.43) and PSA (correlation parameter: 0.48) increased with age (p <0.05). While linear positive correlation between PSA and CAV-1 was observed in all cases, this relationship was not meaningful in PCa cases (p>0,05). The result: patients with prostate adenocarcinoma found higher levels of CAV-1. It can be used as a new indicator for the diagnosis of prostate cancer. However, diagnosis, cost and test difficulties are not superior to PSA when considered. CAV-1 is a protein that should be tested in areas such as early diagnosis, active survival, hormone refractor PCa and radical prostatectomy.

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