Abstract:

INTRODUCTION: We aimed to determine the effects of tumour-necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) gene polymorphisms, Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection, on the risk of developing chronic atrophic gastritis (CAG) and intestinal metaplasia (IM). METHODS: The TNF-α-308G/A and MIF-173G/C single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were genotyped using polymerase-chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) analysis, in 84 patients (43 CAG and 41 IM) and 40 healthy controls in a region of Eastern Anatolia. RESULTS: An increased risk of CAG was found in subjects with TNF-α-308 GA genotype, negative for H. pylori infection or TNF-α-308 AA genotype carriers and negative for H. pylori infection. An elevated risk of IM was found in subjects with TNF-α-308 GA genotype and negative for H. pylori infection or TNF-α-308 AA genotype and negative for H. pylori infection. An increased risk of CAG was found in subjects with TNF-α-308GA genotype, and positive for H. pylori infection. An increased risk of CAG was found in subjects with MIF-173GC genotype and negative for H. pylori infection or MIF-173CC genotype carriers and negative for H. pylori infection. An elevated risk of IM was found in subjects with MIF-173GC genotype and negative for H. pylori infection. An elevated risk of IM was found in subjects with MIF-173GC genotype and positive for H. pylori infection. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: Therefore, the TNF-α-308G/A and MIF-173G/C genotyping may be used as biomarkers at the early stage of the gastric cancer.

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