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Birinci Dünya Savaşı’nda birçok cephede savaşmak zorunda kalan ve savaşa topyekûn seferberlikle giren Osmanlı Devleti, savaşın sonuna kadar dirense de gittikçe artan insan gücü eksikliğiyle karşılaştı. Zira sınırlı insan kaynağını zorlayan ve savaş için halkın seferber edilmesini engelleyen birçok olumsuz faktör vardı. Bunların başında ise firari askerler sorunu gelmekteydi. Söz konusu sorun, özellikle savaşın sonlarına doğru, ordunun savaşma kabiliyetini sekteye uğratarak baş edilemeyecek boyutlara ulaşırken ciddi bir iç güvenlik sorununa da yol açtı. Bunun nedeni ise firar eden askerlerin hiç de küçümsenmeyecek bir kısmının, başta eşkıyalık olmak üzere birçok suça karışmasıydı. Osmanlı Devleti, firariler sorunuyla baş edebilmek için askerî, adlî ve idarî birtakım tedbirlere başvursa da, savaşın sonuna gelindiğinde hâlâ on binlerce firari asker vardı. Birinci Dünya Savaşı yıllarında Osmanlı ordusundaki firari askerler sorununun genel olarak ortaya konulacağı bu çalışmada, sorunun ortaya çıkış nedenleri, ulaştığı boyutlar, devletin bu sorunla nasıl baş etmeye çalıştığı ve eşkıyalık olaylarıyla ilişkisi ele alınmaktadır.
The Ottoman State, which was forced to fight on many fronts during the First World War and entered the war with a lot of freedom, had a growing lack of human power, though it had resisted until the end of the war. There were many negative factors that forced limited human resources and prevented the movement of the people for war. At the beginning, the troops had a problem. This problem, especially at the end of the war, led to a serious internal security problem, while the army’s fighting capacity reached dimensions that could not be addressed by secting. This was due to the fact that some of the escaping soldiers were not underestimated, and many of them were mixed with crimes, including equality in the beginning. Although the Ottoman State applied a number of military, judicial and administrative measures to cope with the problem of the fighters, there were still tens of thousands of fighters when the war ended. In this study in which the problem of the Faroe soldiers in the Ottoman army in the years of World War I will be generally revealed, the causes of the problem, the dimensions it reaches, how the state tries to deal with this problem and the relationship with the events of equality are discussed.
Fighting on many fronts in First World War and taking part in the war with altogether mobilization, Ottoman Empire faced with lack of manpower steadily despite resisting until the end of the war. There were many negative factors for forcing limited human resources and preventing the mobilization of the people for the war. The foremost of these factors was the problem of fugitive soldiers. This issue became an unsolvable level by interrupting the army’s ability to fight and led to a serious problem of internal security. Because a great number of fugitive soldiers involved in several crimes including banditry. Although the Ottoman Empire resorted to a number of judicial, administrative and military measures to cope with the problem, there were still myriads of fugitive soldiers. In this study, the issue of fugitive soldiers in Ottoman Empire in World War years will be evaluated in general and the causes and dimensions of the problem, how the state tried to deal with the problem and the relation of the issue with banditry incidents will be discussed.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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