Abstract:

Aim: In this study, it was aimed to determine the resistance rates of Acinetobacter spp., Pseudomonas spp., Stenotrophomonas maltophilia strains isolated from lower respiratory tract samples of patients who were followed up in our hospital, and to guide empirical antibiotic treatment. Materials and Methods: Lower respiratory tract samples sent to our laboratory between January 2019 and January 2020, in which nonfermentative gram-negative bacteria (NFGNB) were isolated, were retrospectively analyzed. Bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility were determined using conventional microbiological methods and automated system (Vitek 2, bioMerieux, France). Results: 332 agents were isolated from 207 patients who were followed up 40% in the service and 60% in the intensive care unit in this study. 70 (21 %) of the samples were sputum, 248 (75 %) were deep tracheal aspirate, 14 (4 %) were bronchoalveolar lavage. 160 (48 %) of the agents were Pseudomonas spp., 145 (44 %) were Acinetobacter spp., 27 (8 %) were S. maltophilia. Most effective antibiotic was determined against Acinetobacter spp. strains as colistin (98 %) while most effective antibiotics were found against Pseudomonas spp. starins as colistin (95 %), amikacin (85 %) and gentamicin (81 %). Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (96%) sensitivity was found to be high in S. maltophilia strains. Conclusions: Acinetobacter spp. and Pseudomonas spp. strains have been found to have high resistance rates against antibiotics other than aminoglycosides that can be used in combined therapies and colistin with known nephrotoxic effects. Therefore, the treatments should be started by determining the antibiotic sensitivity of the agents