Abstract:

ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of this study is to compare Matricaria chamomilla samples collected from nature and supplied from pharmacies and herbalists by performing quality control analyses and investigate the antimicrobial activities of them. Methods: These samples were examined according to Matricariae flos monograph analysis in European Pharmacopoeia. Macroscopic and microscopic examination, loss on drying and total ash experiment were performed. Essential oil was obtained from the drugs and analyzed by thin layer chromatography. Additionally, aqueous and ethanolic extracts of all samples were compared by thin layer chromatography. Antimicrobial activity was determined by microdilution method in aqueous and ethanolic extracts. Results: According to the pharmacopoeia analysis; in macroscopic and microscopic examinations, all samples except 2 herbalist samples were found to suitable for the pharmacopoeia standards. In loss on drying, none of the samples were found to suitable for the standards except 2 herbalist samples. In total ash, all samples were suitable for the standards. While the essential oil of M. chamomilla samples collected from nature was yellow-orange colored, we obtained the blue essential oil containing chamazulene from pharmacy samples and 3 of herbalist samples. The highest activity in antimicrobial activity assay was observed in ethanol extracts against Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Candida tropicalis strains. Conclusion: Examples of true M. chamomilla were found among herbalist samples, contrary to the previous studies. Pharmacy samples were qualified but limited in terms of variety. Essential oil analyses pointed out the importance of geographical location among natural samples. Antimicrobial activity tests did not provide significant results.

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