Özet:

Diabetes is a metabolic disease with a worldwide prevalence. Adipokines secreted from adipose tissue are known to be involved in insulin signal transduction and have an effect on the regulation of glucose metabolism. It has been reported in many studies that glycyrrhizin, the primary bioactive component of licorice root, has anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant effects. In this study, it was aimed to investigate the bioactivity of glycyrrizine on oxidative stress and inflammation in an experimentally induced in vivo diabetes model. In our study, experimental diabetes model was formed at the end of 6 weeks following the administration of streptozotocin in rats. The experimental animals were divided into four groups, each consisting of 8 rats, the control group (Cont), the diabetes group (DM), the diabetes + glycyrrhizin group (+ Gly) and the glycyrrizine group (Gly). Glycyrrhizin was dissolved in water and rats were given orally at 50 mg / kg / day for one week. At the end of the experiment, adipose and liver tissue samples were homogenized and oxidative stress index, total antioxidant and oxidant capacity were determined by spectrophotometric analysis. Besides, gene expression levels of leptin and adiponectin from the obtained RNA samples were investigated at the transcription level by using the real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) technique. According to the data obtained from the study, it was determined that glycyrrhizin significantly reduced diabetic induced total oxidant status (TOS) levels in both tissues. In addition, it was found that level of total antioxidant status (TAS) decreased by diabetes was significantly increased with glycyrrhizin administration. Again, adiponectin gene expression in both tissues was down-regulated in the DM group compared to control, in glycyrrhizin treated diabetes group, up-regulation of the same gene was determined according to DM group. Moreover, leptin mRNA expressions increased in both adipose tissue and liver tissue in diabetic rats, whereas glycyrrhizin decreased this effect in adipose tissue, but a slight increase was observed in the liver tissue according DM group. In short, glycyrrhizin showed an anti-inflammatory effect by regulating cytokine levels in liver and adipose tissues of diabetic rats. Besides, it has an antioxidant effect by increasing the antioxidant capacity significantly.

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