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Gök-Türkler’in çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı Çin, Bizans, Sasani Akhun gibi devletlerle uluslararası boyutta münasebette olduğu tarihi kayıtların verdiği bilgilerden anlaşılmaktadır. Aynı zamanda Gök-Türk Devleti çağdaşı olduğu bu devletler ve topluluklarla gerçekleştirdiği diplomatik ilişkileri tesis ederken elçilerine de büyük roller vermiştir. Gök-Türk Devleti siyasi birliğini tamamladığı ilk günden yıkılışına kadar olan süreçte milletlerarası siyasetin ve ticaretin bir parçası olmayı başarmış dönemin güçlü devletlerinden biridir. Dolayısıyla elçilerin varlığı ve etkin konumları, devletlerin birbirleriyle iktisadi veya siyasi manada yaptıkları ittifak anlaşmalarında da mühim bir rol oynaması açısından önem arz etmektedir. O dönemde bölge ticaretinin kalbi olan İpek Ticaret Yolu’na hâkim olmak ve buradan geçen ticaret yolları üzerinde söz sahibi konuma gelmek isteyen Gök-Türkler, bu konular üzerine bilgili ve tecrübeleri elçiler seçmeye özen göstermişlerdir. Bu nedenle Gök-Türk Devleti’nin iktisadı meselelerde Sogdlu elçileri tercih etmesi tesadüf değildir. Daha çok siyasi konuların konuşulması ve anlaşmazlıkların giderilmesi gibi durumlarda ise de bu konuda daha tecrübeli ve mahir olmalarından kaynaklı Aşina soyuna mensup kişilerden elçi seçildiği anlaşılmaktadır. Bu meselelerin yanı sıra evlilik istekleri, yöneticilerin değişimi sonrası gelen tebriklerin iletilmesi ve başsağlığı-cenaze törenlerine katılım gibi siyasi ilişkileri belirli bir noktaya taşıyan konuların aktarılmasında da elçilerin mevcudiyetlerinin önemli payının olduğu görülmektedir. Elçilere verilen ağır cezaların ve can alma noktasına kadar gelen uygulamaların varlığı devletlerarası krizlerin ve sonrasında savaşların ortaya çıkmasına sebep olmuştur. Fakat bu konuda Gök-Türklerin oldukça hassas oldukları ve kendilerine yollanan elçileri iyi karşıladıkları ve onları rahat ettirmeye çalıştıkları anlaşılmaktır. Gök-Türkler’in sadece kağana karşı hakaret içeren söylemlerin olması durumunda ve yollanan elçilerin öldürülesi üzerine daha katı bir siyaset izledikleri yorumu yapılabilir. Bütün bu uygulamalardan göçebe bir yaşam şekline sahip olmasına rağmen Gök-Türklerin o döneme göre gelişmiş bir siyaset anlayışına sahip oldukları ve diplomasi kurallarını ve dilini iyi bildikleri söylenebilir.
It is understood from the information given by the historical records that the Sky-Turkish for various reasons are in international relations with countries such as China, Byzantine, Sasani Akhun. At the same time, the Gök-Turkish State has also given its ambassadors great roles while establishing diplomatic relations with these states and communities where it is a co-working. The Gök-Turkish State is one of the strong states of the period that has succeeded in becoming part of international politics and trade in the process from the first day it completed its political unity until its collapse. Therefore, the presence and effective positions of the messengers are of importance for the role of the states in their economic or political alliance agreements with each other. The Gök-Turkish people who wanted to be the judge of the Silk Trade Road, the heart of the region’s trade in that time, and to come to the ruling position on the trade routes passing from here, have been aware of these issues and have been careful to choose the ambassadors with their experience. Therefore, it is not a coincidence that the Gök-Turkish State prefers the Sogdlu ambassadors in economic matters. In cases such as the discussion of political issues and the resolution of disputes, it is clear that the messengers were chosen from those who belong to the descendants of Aşina that were more experienced and skilled in this matter. In addition to these issues, marriage requests, the transmission of congratulations after the exchange of managers, and the transmission of issues that take political relations to a certain point, such as the participation in the funeral ceremonies, appear to have an important part of the presence of the messengers. The presence of severe punishments and practices given to the messengers to the point of death has led to the emergence of inter-state crises and subsequent wars. But it is clear that heaven-Turkish people are very sensitive and they welcome the messengers sent to them well and try to comfort them. If the Heaven-Turkers only have insulting statements against the paper and can be interpreted by a more rigorous policy on the murder of the sent messengers. Although all of these practices have a migratory way of life, it can be said that the Gök-Turkish have an advanced political understanding according to that time and know the rules of diplomacy and their language well.
It is understood from the historical records that the Gok-Turks were in international relations with states such as China, Byzantium and Sassanid Akhun for various reasons. At the same time, the Gok-Turk State has given great roles to its ambassadors while establishing diplomatic relations with these states and communities of which it is contemporary. The Gok-Turk State was one of the powerful states of the period that managed to become a part of international politics and trade in the process from the first day it completed its political union until its collapse. Therefore, the presence and effective positions of the ambassadors are important in terms of playing an important role in the economic or political alliance agreements that the states make with each other. Gok-Turks, who wanted to dominate the Silk Trade Road, which was the heart of the regional trade at that time, and to have a say on the trade routes passing through it, took care to choose ambassadors who were knowledgeable and experienced on these issues. For this reason, it is not a coincidence that the Gok-Turk State preferred Sogdian ambassadors in economic matters. It is understood that in cases such as discussing political issues and resolving disagreements, they were chosen as ambassadors from people of Ashina lineage because they are more experienced and skilled in this subject. In addition to these issues, it is seen that the presence of the ambassadors played an important role in conveying the political relations such as marriage wishes, the delivery of congratulations after the change of administrators, and condolences-participation in funeral ceremonies. The existence of heavy punishments given to the ambassadors and the practices up to the point of taking their lives led to the emergence of interstate crises and later wars. However, it is understood that the Gok-Turks were very sensitive in this regard and welcomed the ambassadors sent to them well and tried to make them comfortable. It can be interpreted that the Gok-Turks only followed a stricter policy in the case of insulting rhetoric against the khan and the killing of the sent envoys. From all these practices, it can be said that despite having a nomadic lifestyle, the Gok-Turks had a developed understanding of politics compared to that period and knew the rules and language of diplomacy well.
Alan : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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