Abstract:

This study was carried out to determine the sensitivity reactions of 11 different apple (Malus domestica L.) varieties against Erwinia amylovora. In 2014 and 2015, 79 bacterial strains were isolated from diseased plant samples taken from Iğdır province, 58 of them were identified as E. amylovora by fatty acid methyl ester analysis. Colony color, gram reaction, catalase, oxidase, fluorescent pigment, levan colony formation, and growth characteristics at 36 °C of the strains were determined. Stark Crimson, Joremini, Williams Pride, Red Chief, Scarlet Spur, Fuji Zhen Aztec, Granny Smith, Mondial Gala, Amasya, Golden Reinders, and Pink Lady apple cultivars were used in the susceptibility test against fire blight disease. The susceptibility of the cultivars was evaluated depending on the leaf and shoot inoculation. As a result of leaf reaction; Pink Lady was highly susceptible, 4 varieties (Jeromine, Granny Smith, Mondial Gala, and Amasya) were susceptible and 6 varieties (Stark Crimson, Williams Pride, Red Chief, Scarlet Spur, Fuji Zhen Astec, and Golden Reinders) were moderately susceptible. According to evaluations of shoot reaction; 8 varieties (Stark Crimson, Jeromine, Williams Pride, Red Chief, Scarlet Spur, Fuji Zhen Astec, Granny Smith, and Mondial Gala) were less susceptible and 3 varieties (Amasya, Golden Reinders, and Pink Lady) were moderately susceptible.