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Sanayi devrimleriyle birlikte dünya ekonomisi; üretim, yatırım, rekabet, uluslararası ticaret ve tüketim kalıpları yani kısaca mikro ve makro ekonomik örüntüleri açısından önemli boyutlarda etkilenmiştir. Bu bağlamda çalışmada, dünyada ekonomisinin en aktüel üretim stratejisi olan Sanayi 4.0 uygulamalarının Türkiye ekonomisi özelinde değerlendirilmesi amaçlanmıştır. Elde edilen istatiksel bulgulara göre, Türkiye ekonomisi için emek yoğun malların toplam üretim ve ihracat içindeki payı düşmesine rağmen, emek yoğun mal üretiminde uzmanlaşan sektörler hala öncü sektörler olma niteliğini korumaktadır. Türkiye’nin uzun süredir devam eden yapısal sorunları arasında yüksek katma değerli teknoloji ürünlerinin üretim ve ihracat içerisinde payının düşük olması, Türkiye ekonomisinin dördüncü sanayi devrime ne kadar hazır olduğunu göstermesi açısından oldukça değerlidir. Eş bütünleşme sonucuna göre, teknoloji gelişmenin ve inovasyonun belirleyicileri olarak kabul edilen yüksek teknolojili ürün ihracatı, Ar-Ge harcamaları, patent sayısı ve Ar-Ge alanında istihdam edilen personel sayısındaki artış ile ihracat ve ekonomik büyüme performansı arasında uzun dönemde pozitif yönlü bir ilişki söz konusudur. Yani, bu sektörlere yapılacak yatırımlar ihracat ve ekonomik büyüme performansını olumlu yönde etkileyecektir. Sonuç olarak, Türkiye ekonomisinin teknoloji yatırımlara ayırmış olduğu pay arttıkça bunun makro ekonomik göstergeler üzerindeki yansıması pozitif yönlü olacaktır. Ancak henüz bu alanlara tahsis edilen yatırımlar birçok ülke ekonomisine kıyasla düşük seviyelerdedir. Bu üretim stratejisi, birçok parametrenin yanında özellikle katma değeri yüksek ürünlerde rekabetçi olma konusunda Türkiye ekonomisini aşağıya çekmektedir.
With industrial revolutions, the world economy has been significantly affected by production, investment, competition, international trade and consumption patterns, i.e. micro and macro economic patterns. In this context, the study aims to evaluate the application of Industry 4.0, the most current production strategy of the world economy, in particular the Turkish economy. According to the statistical findings obtained, despite the decline of the share of labour-intensive goods in total production and exports for the Turkish economy, the sectors specializing in labour-intensive goods production still retain the character of being the leading sectors. Turkey’s long-lasting structural problems include the low share of high added value technology products in production and exports, which is quite valuable in terms of showing how much the Turkish economy is ready for the fourth industrial revolution. According to the result of gender integration, high-tech product exports, which are considered the determinants of technological development and innovation, the expenditure for R&D, the number of patents and the increase in the number of staff employed in R&D and the export and economic growth performance are a long-term positive relationship. That is, investments in these sectors will have a positive impact on export and economic growth performance. As a result, as much the share that the Turkish economy has allocated to technology investments will be positive, the reflection on macroeconomic indicators will be positive. However, the investments still allocated to these areas are at a low level compared to many countries’ economies. This production strategy, in addition to many parameters, attracts the Turkish economy to be competitive in high added value products.
The world economy with industrial revolutions; production, investment, competition, international trade and consumption patterns, in other words micro and macro economic patterns have been significantly affected. In this context, this study under the world which is the current production strategies of industry 4.0 application aimed to evaluate Turkey's economy in particular. According to the statistical findings that, despite the decline in total production and the share of exports of labor-intensive goods for Turkey's economy, labor-intensive goods industries specializing in the production sector still retains its leadership. Turkey's longstanding structural problems in the low share in the production and export of high value-added technology products, Turkey's economy is highly valuable in terms of showing how much he is ready to fourth industrial revolution. According to the result of the co-integration, there is a positive long-term relationship between high-tech product exports, R & D expenditures, the number of patents and the number of personnel employed in R & D field, and export and economic growth performance, which are considered as determinants of technology development and innovation. In other words, investments in these sectors will affect the export and economic growth performance positively. As a result, the share devoted to investment in technology that Turkey's economy grows at the macro-economic indicators have been positive reflection on the way. However, the investments allocated to these areas are still low compared to the economies of many countries. This production strategy, especially high value-added productions beside many parameters pulling down Turkey's economy is about being competitive.
Field : Sosyal, Beşeri ve İdari Bilimler
Journal Type : Ulusal
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