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İslâm tarihi boyunca fethedilen birçok bölgede Müslümanlar şehirler kurarak İslâm kültür ve medeniyetine büyük katkı sunmuşlardır. IV. (X.) yy’da İfrîkıye’de kurulmuş olan Fâtımîler de bölgede kurmuş oldukları şehirler ile bu kültür mozaiğine katkıda bulunmuşlardır. İlk Halife Ubeydullâh el-Mehdî’nin kurmuş olduğu Mehdiye şehri kurulduğu andan itibaren içerisinde barındırdığı sarayları, evleri, camii ve mescitleri, çarşı ve pazarları, sarnıç ve mahzenleri, han ve hamamları, liman ve tersaneleri ile bölgede önemli bir merkez haline gelmiştir. Şehir müstahkem yapısıyla Halife Kâim döneminde çıkan Ebû Yezîd isyanına karşı önemli bir sığınak görevi görmüş ve Fâtımîler’in ayakta kalmasını sağlamıştır. Halife Mansûr döneminde Kayrevân civarında kurulan Mansûriye şehriyle birlikte Mehdiye zamanla atıl hale gelmiştir. Mansûriye şehri Bağdat’a benzeyen yuvarlak yapısıyla kısa süre içerisinde başta saray ve camiileri olmak üzere ciddi bir gelişme kaydederek önemli bir İslâm devleti başkenti haline gelmiştir. Özellikle Halife Mu‘iz döneminde şehre birçok önemli yapı eklenerek gelişimine ve canlılığına katkıda bulunulmuştur. Mansûriye şehri yapı unsurlarıyla Fâtımîler döneminde kurulmasının ardından başkent ilân edilen Kâhire şehrine de örnek model olmuştur. Bu makalede Fâtımîler döneminde kurulmuş olan Mehdiye ve Mansûriye şehirlerinin gelişimleri ele alınmıştır. Tespit edebildiğimiz kadarıyla bu iki şehir hakkında ülkemizde herhangi bir çalışma yapılmamıştır. Mehdiye ve Mansûriye şehirlerinin kuruldukları andan ibaren kaydettikleri gelişmeyi birincil dereceden kaynaklar yardımıyla takip ederek İslâm kültür ve medeniyetine sundukları katkıyı ortaya koymaya çalışmak temel amacımız olmuştur.
In many areas undertaken throughout Islamic history, Muslims have made a great contribution to Islamic culture and civilization by building cities. and IV. and x) The people who were founded in the African region also contributed to the culture of the towns in which they were founded. The first Halife Ubeydullâh al-Mehdî established the city of Mehdiye from the moment of its establishment, its palaces, houses, camii and mosques, squares and markets, sandwiches and shelters, houses and hammas, ports and shelters have become an important center in the region. The city had a great shelter against the rebellion of Abû Yezîd, which came from the time of Halife Kâim, and made it possible for the Fatimîs to stand up. The city of Al-Qaeda, which is located in the city of Al-Qaeda, is located in the city of Al-Qaeda. The city of Mansouri, with its circular structure similar to Baghdad, has become a major capital of the Islamic State, recording a serious development in the short period, primarily the palace and the mosques. Especially during the time of Halife Mu'iz, many important structures have been added to the city and contributed to its development and vitality. The city of Mansourye was a model for the city of Cairo, which was declared capital after its establishment in the period of Fatimîs. This article discussed the development of the Mehdiye and Mansurye cities that were established during the Fatimah period. As far as we can identify, there has been no work on these two cities in our country. The main objective of the city of Mehdiye and Mansuriye was to try to reveal the contribution they have made to Islamic culture and civilization by following the development they recorded from the moment they were founded.
Throughout the history of Islam, Muslims have made great contributions to Islamic culture and civilization by establishing cities in many conquered regions. The Fatimids, who were founded in Ifrîkiya in the IV. (X.) century, contributed to this cultural mosaic with the cities they established in the region. The city of Mahdiya, which was founded by the first Caliph Ubeydullah al-Mahdi, became an important center in the region with its palaces, houses, mosques and masjids, bazaars and markets, cisterns and cellars, inns and baths, harbor and shipyards. With its fortified structure, the city served as an important shelter against the Abu Yazid rebellion that broke out during the Caliph Qaim period and ensured the survival of the Fatimids. With the city of Mansuriya, which was established around Kayrewan during the reign of Caliph Mansûr, the Mahdi remained idle in time. The city of Mansuriya, with its round structure resembling Baghdād, made significant progress in a short time, especially its palaces and mosques, and became an important Islamic state capital. Especially during the reign of Caliph Moez, many important buildings were added to the city, contributing to its development and vitality. The city of Mansuriya, with its structural elements, became an exemplary model for the city of Cairo, which was declared the capital after its establishment in the Fatimid period. In this article, the development of the cities of Mahdiya and Mansuriya, which were established in the Fatimid period, is discussed. As far as we can determine, no study has been conducted on these two cities in our country. With the help of primary sources, our main aim has been to follow the progress of the cities of Mahdiya and Mansuriya from the moment they were founded, and to try to reveal their contribution to Islamic culture and civilization.
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Dergi Türü : Uluslararası
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