Özet:

Today, the scientific knowledge to be obtained from mosaics is not only a visual examination of the motifs. By using non-destructive and destructive archaeometric methods, the scientific knowledge to be obtained from mosaics can be maximized. The most common archaeometric methods that can be used in mosaics are non-destructive ones; The number and tones of colors used in mosaics can be determined with a portable digital colorimeter (which gives the munsel catalog code). In addition, with the portable X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (P-EDXRF), the types of tesserae can be determined by detecting the elements that make up the stones non-destructively, while the chemical composition and colorants of the glass tesserae can be determined. Although the use of destructive archaeometric methods is not always possible in terms of permissions and ethics, the scientific information to be obtained from these methods is more reliable than non-destructive methods. Archaeometric methods that can be widely used in determining the types and contents of mortar, stone, glass and terracotta tesserae used in mosaics are as follows; petrographic analyzes, are wavelength X-Ray Fluorescence Spectrometer (WDXRF), Mass Spectrometer, and Scanning Electron Microscope with X-Ray Detector (SEM-EDX). By using these methods, information such as the chemical composition of glass tesserae, coloront chemicals, production errors, causes of deterioration and whether it is a secondary use product (recycling) can be obtained. In stone tesserae, the type and provenance of stone can be determined by using destructive archaeometric methods. In this article, the archaeometric methods that the author personnaly carried out on the mosaic and the result he obtained submitted.

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